八年级英语大纲知能与考点三维辅导⑥
UNIT 1 Keeping Healthy
话题② You must wash your hands before meals.
Section A(P9--10)
一、重点词汇:
1、game、 match 和 sport: (三个词都每指“体育运动”)
① sport 多指户外运动,如游泳、登山等。 ① sport 运动、游戏 ② play sports 做运动
② game 指户内或户外的有一定规则的运动,如球类。computer games电子游戏
另外:soprt指运动会,game则指大型国际运动会,如奥运会(the Olympic Games)
③ 在美国,match 是指 boxing , tennis , golf 等个人竞技的运动,其他比赛通常用 game.
例:在电视上观看一场足球赛(P9)
____________________________________________________
做运动(七上P96)________________ 或 ______________________
下午5:00在操场上有一场一班对二班的足球赛。(七下P19)
_________________________________________________________________
2、exercise 用法:
⑴ 可数名词: ① 意为“练习”。例:做数学练习____________________________________
② 意为“体操”。例:做早操(P10)_________________________________
⑵ 不可数名词:“体格锻炼”“运动”。例:散步是一种很好的运动。(P11)
__________________________
锻炼(P10)_____________________
或(七下P16)____________________________
3、right 用法:
① (形容词)对的,正确的。 例:正确。(七上P15)______________________
② (副词)正好,恰好;正确。
例:饭后马上做运动(P10)______________________________________
③ (名词)右边。
例:用右手吃饭。_____________________________________________
④ 短语: 立刻,马上(七上P33)___________________
4、keep 用法:
① “借(书)”。例:我能借(它)多长时间?(P七下P18)
________________________________________
② “保持,保存”。例:保持健康(P1)____________________
留长指甲(P10)____________________
5、or
① 用作并列连词,表示选择,意为“或,或者”。
那个女孩是高还是矮?(七上P41)
_________________________________________________________
早上床睡觉对你的健康是有益还是有害呢?(P10)
_______________________________________________
② 用作并列连词,表示并列,连接并列分句,意为“否则”.
早点起床,否则你会迟到的。___________________________________________________
6、see 用法:
① 看见,看到。
例:很高兴见到你。(七上P3)_________________________________________
看电影___________________________
② 明白;理会。
例:我明白了。(P9)_________________ 让我想想。(P106)__________________
比较:让我看看。_______________________________________
二、重点语法:(动名词)
1、 动名词的特性:
① 有动词的特征,可以有自己的状语和宾语。
留长指甲对健康有害。
_______________________________________________________(动宾结构)
② 有名词、形容词的特征,可在句中作主语、表语、宾语等。
做早操对你的健康有益。
_______________________________________________________(作主语)
我最喜爱的运动是跑步。
_______________________________________________________(作表语)
她喜爱跳舞。_____________________________________(作宾语)
2、注意:不要将作表语的动名词与 进行时态相淆。
动名词作表语:表示主语的内容或某种特征。 进行时态:表示正在进行的动作。
我的工作是教英语。____________________________________________(动名词作表语)
我正在教英语。________________________________________________(进行时态)
3、动名词课本重点句:(动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。)
熬夜对你的身体是有害的。(P9)
________________________________________________________
饭后立即运动有害健康。(P10)
_________________________________________________________
做早操有益于健康。(P10)
_____________________________________________________________
三、重点句型:
1、It 作形式主语。
动名词作主语时,尤其是动名词词组较长时,为了保持句子平衡,通常用先行词 it 作形式主语,而将真正的
主语放在句末。
例:Making plans is easy. It's easy making plans.
课本句:Going to bed early is good.
(用 it 作形式主语)____________________________
2、动名词作主语:
发烧或得流感对健康有_______________________________________________________
3、早上床睡觉对你的健康是有益还是有害呢?(P10)
_______________________________________________
4、 如果我患有头痛,我该怎么做?(P10)
_________________________________________________________
5、你应当饭前洗手。______________________________________________________
6、你最好不要留长指甲。_____________________________________________________________
7、你不该吃得太少。__________________________________________________
8、我明白了。(P9)_______
八年级英语(仁爱版)大纲知能与考点三维辅导⑦
UNIT 1 Keeping Healthy
话题② You must wash your hands before meals.
Section B(P11--12)
一、重点词汇:
1、habit ——可数名词(复数形式为 habits)
[谚语]习惯成自然。Habit is second nature. 健康的习惯(P11)_____________________
2、构词法:名词 + y 形容词 (这种形容词主要作定语或表语。)
rani——rainy sun——sunny wind——windy cloud——cloudy health——healthy
作定语: 健康的习惯(P11)____________________________
作表语: 今天是个多云的日子。_____________________________________
3、in 与 into:
in 意为“在..........里面”,表示静态含义,常与 be 动词连用,表示一种状态。
into 意这“到........里面去”,表示动态含义,常与实义动词连用,表示一个动态的过程。
我的家在北京。(七上P13)__________________________________________________(表示状态)
把它放在篓子里。(P11)_______________________________________________(表示放进的动作过程)
4、keep + 宾语 + 补语:
使你保持活力(P11)________________________________
5、give energe for........ 为.......提供能量
早餐为你上午提供能量。(P11)____________________________________________________________
6、重点短语:
① 至少,起码__________________ ② 乱扔________________③ (随身)带(某东西)________________ ④ 保持活力____________________ ⑤ 在白天______________________ ⑥ 在草坪上__________________
⑦ 把.......放入.......________________
二、重点语法:(情态动词 must 与 must not的用法)
must 表示“必须”。变一般疑问句将 must提前即可。
must 的否定式 mustn't 表示“不许、禁止,不准”“一定不要,一定不许”。多用于上级对下级的要求,
或是某种明文规定、规章制度。表明了说话人或规章制度的权威性。
注:不用 mustn't 来回答由 must 开头的问句,而应用 needn't(don't have to不必)
1、饭前你必须洗手。(P12)__________________________________________________________
2、你不允许到处扔垃圾。(P11)___________________________________________________________
3、你不允许在强光下看书。(P12)________________________________________________________
4、他必须做早操吗?不,他不必。(是的,他必须。)(P12)
___________________________________________________________________________________
5、你不允许带宠物和你一起去学校。(P11)_______________________________________________________
三、重点句子:
1、It is necessary for........ 它对.......来说是必不可少的(有必要)
它(散步)对健康有必要。(P11)__________________________________________________________
2、散步是项好运动。(P11)___________________________________________________________
(注:exercise是不可数名词,故good前不加 a)
(比较):水对你的健康有益。(P11)__________________________________________(be good for)
3、(比较句子):禁止在草坪上行走。(P12)_________________________________________________
不要在草坪上行走。(P12)_________________________________________________
(must not = mustn't 不允许,禁止; 祈使句 Don't.........不要.............)
4、记住!总是饭前洗手。(P11)______________________________________________________
5、每天至少喝八杯水。(P11)________________________________________________________
6、早睡早起。它会使你白天保持活力。(P11)
______________________________________________________________________________________
7、不要在教学楼附近停车。(P11)____________________________________________________
八年级英语(仁爱版)大纲知能与考点三维辅导⑧
UNIT 1 Keeping Healthy
话题② You must wash your hands before meals.
Section C(P13--14)
一、重点词汇:
1、cause (及物动词)“导致,引起,使发生”:
用法: cause sth. 或 cause sth. to (for) people “引起某事,给人带来.........”
头痛可能是什么原因引起的?(P13)_____________________________________________________
2、show “显示,出示,表明”。常用句型:show sb. sth. 或 show sth. to sb. 或 show + that从句
① 请出示你的票。______________________________________
② 它可以表明你的身体出了问题。(P13)____________________________________________________
3、disease 与 illness:“病,疾病”
disease =(an) illness or disorder caused by infection or unnatural growth , not by an accisent.
illness = (a) disease; unhealthy state of the body. “疾病,身体不适”
区别:illness 是 disease 所引起的一段身体不适的时间或一种不适的状态。
只有 disease 才能被“患”,才能传染给他人,如果这种病是传染性的话。也只有disease才是医学研究的对象
患了疾病(disease)的人就称为生病(ill)或(sick) [注:在英国中,sick 用来表示呕吐或恶心。]
头痛不是一种疾病。(P13)_________________________________________________________________
发烧或一些其他疾病可以引起头痛。(P13)____________________________________________________
我们能进入人体引起疾病。(P14)_______________________________________________________
4、through (介词),“穿(通)过”,表示从空间或内部穿过。(比较:across 表示从表面上穿过,P48)
我们能够通过皮肤进入人体。(P14)______________________________________________________
5、enough 用法:
① (形容词),“足够的”。修饰名词,放在复数名词或不可数名词的前面或后面,但放在名词的前面居多。
当你不能有足够睡眠时,你可能会头痛。(P13)____________________________________________
② (副词),“足够地”。修饰形容词时,一般放在形容词的后面。
足够强壮(P107)________________________(enough放在所修饰的形容词的后面)
6、become 与 get:
① become “变得,变成,成为”。(常指身份、职位的变化),作瞬间动词时指“状态的变化。”
那个男孩生病了。(14)___________________________________________(指状态变化,后接形容词)
She becomes a doctor. 她成了一名医生。(指身份、职位变化,后接名词)
② get (连系动词),表示“逐渐变得”,后接形容词的原形或比较级。
天气变得越来越暖和。(七下P83)______________________________________________________
7、get 用法:
① “得到,获得。”
例:买两公斤蛋。(七上P81)____________________________________
② 到达(七下P43)_______________
③ 起床(七下P1)_____________________
④ get sb. to do sth. “让某人做某事”
例:我会马上让人去修理它。(七下P38)
_______________________________________________
⑤ get into 进入
例:我们能够通过口腔进入人体。(P14)______________________________________
⑥ 生病:get a + 疾病名
当你空腹做运动时,你可能会头痛。(P13)
___________________________________________________
8、other , the other , the others , another 的区别:
① other (形容词),“其他的,另外的”修饰单数名词时,必须与 no , some , any 连用。
发烧或一些其他疾病可以引起头痛。(P13)
__________________________________________________
② the other 指“两者中的另一个” (常用于 one........the other......一个.......另一个.........)
他们住在街道的另一边。___________________________________________________
③ the others“(三者以上时,除了被提起的一个之外的),其他,其余(全部)”
Some of the students go swimming , the others play football.
有的学生去游泳,其余的踢足球。
④ another 表示三者以上不确定数目中的“另一个”“再一个”(another前不加任何冠词)
你想试穿另外一双吗?(七上P79)_______________________________________________
9、on 表示状态
空着肚子锻炼。(P14)_____________________________________________________
廉价出售(七上P78)____________________________________
10、more than “超过,多于”——(反义词为:less than“少于”) ——(同义词为:over)
我们每个月可能会不止一次头痛。(P13)_______________________________________________________
11、fight 打架(仗);与........打仗;与........作斗争 (fight germs 阻止细菌,同细菌作斗争)
我们该做些什么事阻止细菌呢?(P14)________________________________________________________
12、need 用法:
① need sth. 需要某东西
我需要些圣诞卡片。(七上P81)__________________________________
② need to do sth. 需要去干某事
如果你经常头痛,你需要去看一下医生。(P13)___________________________________________
13、win (动词)赢,获胜——(名词 winner 获胜者)——(动名词 winning)
我们赢 。(P14)________________________________________
我是胜者。(七下P71)________________________________________
二、语法重点:(运用 should(应该), shouln't(不应该) , must(必须) , must not(不准,不允许)
1、 我们该做些什么事阻止细菌呢?(P14)
_______________________________________________________
2、 我们应该保持空气干净清新。(P14)
__________________________________________________________
3、我们不应该吃变质的食物。(P14)
__________________________________________________________
4、我们在饭前必须洗手。(P14)
____________________________________________________________
5、我们必须保持指甲干净。(P14)
__________________________________________________________
6、我们应当经常扫地。(P14)
______________________________________________________________
7、我们不准喝发酸的牛奶。(P14)
__________________________________________________________
三、重点句子:
1、当你头痛时,它意味着什么?(P13)
________________________________________________________
2、我们应该什么时候去看医生?(P13)
________________________________________________________
3、You may.............when......... 当.........时,你可能.............
当你工作太累时,你可能会头痛。(P13)
____________________________________________________
当你不能有足够睡眠时,你可能会头痛。(P13)
_______________________________________________
当你空腹做运动时,你可能会头痛。(P13)
___________________________________________________
4、它可以表明你的身体出了问题。(P13)
______________________________________________________
5、我们赢了。男孩生病了。(P14)
___________________________________________________________
6、我们能进入人体引起疾病。(P14)
_________________________________________________________
7、我们必须保持街道清洁。(P14)
___________________________________________________________
八年级英语(仁爱版)大纲知能与考点三维辅导⑨
UNIT 1 Keeping Healthy
话题② You must wash your hands before meals.
Section D(P15---16)
一、重点词汇:
1、 like 用法:
① (介词)“象”。(词组:look like 看起来像)
我们应该多吃水果,像苹果、桔子、草莓.........(P15)
___________________________________________
② (动词)“喜欢”。
你喜欢什么颜色?(七上P38)____________________________________________
2、without (介词)“无、没有、不”——(反义词 with)
用法:without 和 with 短语在句中多作状语,很多时候表示一种伴随状态或条件
我们没吃早饭就上学去 。
__________________________________________________________________
他是个黑发矮个子。(七上P41)
___________________________________________________________
3、help 用法:
① help sb. 帮助某人
不同的食物以不同的方式有助于我们。(P15)
________________________________________________
② help sb. ( to ) do sth. 帮助某人干某事 (to 可要可不要)
一天一杯牛奶和一个鸡蛋会有助于使我们强壮。(P15)
________________________________________
4、以 o结尾的词的复数形式:① potato____________ ② tomato______________
③ photo___________
5、as 用法:①(连词)按照,如同,因为,由于
②(副词,连词)和........一样,如同,因为
③ as well (除........之外)还,也,此外
我们知道,食物能给我们提供能量。(P15)
________________________________________________
他的年龄和我一样大。(七上P55)
_______________________________________________________
6、make (使役动词),“使..........变得(怎样),使.........成为(什么)”(make + 宾语 + 宾语补足语)
一天一杯牛奶和一个鸡蛋有助于使我们强壮。(P15)
____________________________________________
它会使我们生病。(P15)_____________________________________________
7、healthy(反义词)________________
8、重要短语: ① 当然______________ ② 在不同的方面_________________
③ 马马虎虎,一般_________
二、语法重点:(提醒与警告)
1、你不许带宠物去学校。(P16)____________________________________________________
2、不要在教学楼附近停车。(P16)__________________________________________________
三、情态动词 may , can , need , must , have to , should , had better , shall 归纳:
㈠ may 和 can 的用法:
① 请示许可: 你能帮我个忙吗?(七上P81)
________________________________________
需要帮忙吗?(七上PP77-78)(两种表达)____________________________________
② 谈论可能性:
当你空腹做运动时,你可能会头痛。(P13)
________________________________________________
一天一杯牛奶和一个鸡蛋可能有助于使我们强壮。(P15)
_____________________________________
③ can “能”“会”,表示主语的能力。而may没有此用法。例:I can speak English. 我会讲英语。
㈡ should 作情态动词用时,常表示“义务”和“责任”,意为“应该”。
你应当去看牙医。(P1)___________________________________________________
你不应该在晚上喝咖啡或茶。(P2)
_________________________________________________
㈢ need 意为“需要”,常用于疑问句和否定句中。(见 must 的回答)
㈣ must “必须”,强调说者的主观原因。have to 常强调客观因素而“不得不”
Must I........?的否定回答用 No , you needn't ( don't have to )“不必”.
must not 表示“不允许,不准”
我饭前必须洗手吗? 不,你不必。(P12)
__________________________________________________
你不准带宠物上学。(P16)___________________________________________
我不得不去拜访一位朋友。(七上P85)_________________________________________
㈤ had better “最好.........”
你今天最好别上学。(P3)
_____________________________________________________________
㈥ shall 用于第一人称的句型——— Shall I(we)..........?“我(我们).........好吗?”
我送你去医院好吗?(P3)
_____________________________________________________________
四、重点句子:
1、——早上床睡觉对身体有益还是有害? ——有益。
__________________________________________________________________________________
2、保持空气干净清新。(P16)________________________________________________________
3、多吃水果、蔬菜,少吃肉。(P16)___________________________________________________
4、不吃早餐上学。(P16)______________________________________________________
5、学生应该保持教室清洁。(P16)_____________________________________________________
6、学生不应该在课堂上大声谈话。(P16)__________________________________________________
(注:in class 在课上,在课堂上; in the class 在班上)
7、如果我们吃得太少或吃得太多,或者选择了不适当的食物,就会使我们生病。(P15)
_____________________________________________________________________________
8、我们必须吃种类合适的食物。(P15)
________________________________________________________
参考答案:
Section A
一、
1、 watch a soccer game on TV.
Have sports 或 play sports
A soccer match between Class One and Class Two is on the playground at 5:00 in the afternoon.
2、do math exercise do morning exercise
Walking is good exercise.
Do exercise take exercise
3、That’s right。
Play sports right after meals .
Eat with right hand.
Right away.
3、 How long can I keep it?
Keep healthy keep long fingernails
4、 Is the girl tall or short?
Is going to bed early good or bad for your health?
Get up early , or you will be late.
6、Nice to see you. See a film
I see Let me see.
二、
1、 Keeping long fingernails is bad for your health.
Doing morning exercises is good for your health.
My favorite sport is running.
She likes dancing.
2、 My job is teaching English.
I’m teaching English.
3、 Staying up late is bad for your health .
Playing sports right after meals is bad for your health.
Doing morning exercise is good for your health.
三、
1、It’s good going to bed early.
2、Having a bad cold or the flu is bad for your health.
3、Is going to bed early good or bad for your health ?
4、If I have a headache , what should I do?
5、You should wash hands before meals .
6、You’d better not keep long fingernails.
7、You shouldn’t eat too little .
8、I see.
Section B
一、
1、healthy habits
2、healthy habits It’s a cloudy day today
3、My family is in Beijing
Put it into the basket.
4、keep you active.
5、Breakfast gives you energy for the morning .
6、at least throw about take ……with…… keep active
in the daytime on the lawn put……into……
二、
1、You must wash your hands before meals.
2、You must not throw litter about.
3、You mustn’t read in strong sunlight.
4、Must he do morning exercises ? No, he needn’t .(Yes , he must.)
5、You mustn’t take pets to school with you.
三、
1、It’s necessary for good health.
2、 Walking is good exercise.
Water is good for health.
3、 You must not walk on the lawn.
Don’t walk on the lawn.
4、Remember! Always wash your hands before meals.
5、Drink at least eight cups of water every day.
6、Go to bed early and get up early. It will keep you active in the daytime.
7、Don’t park near the school buildings.
Section C
一、
1、What may cause headaches?
1、 Show your tickets , please.
It may show that something in your body is wrong.
3、A headache is not a disease.
A fever or some other illness may cause headaches.
We can get into the human body and cause diseases.
4、We can get into the human body through the skin.
5、You may get a headache when you can’t get enough sleep.
strong enough
5、 The boy become sick.
The weather gets warmer and warmer.
7、Get 2 kilos of eggs. Get to get up
I’ll get someone to check it right now.
We can get into the human body through the mouth.
You may get a headache when you exercise on an empty stomach.
8、A fever or some other illness may cause headache.
They live on the other side of the street.
Would you like to try on another pair ?
9、Exercise on an empty stomach. On sale
10、We may have more than one headache each month.
11、What should we do to fight germs ?
12、I need some Christmas cards.
If you have headache often, you need to see a doctor.
13、We win.
I’m the winner !
二、
1、What should we do to fight germs ?
2、We should keep the air clean and fresh.
3、We shouldn’t eat bad food.
4、We must wash (our)hands before meals.
5、We must keep our fingernails clean.
6、We should sweep the floors often.
7、We must not drink sour milk.
三、
1、What does it mean when you have a headache?
2、When should we go to see a doctor ?
2、 You may get a headache when you work too hard.
You may get a headache when you can’t get enough sleep.
You may get a headache when you exercise on an empty stomach.
4、It may show that something in your body is wrong.
5、We win ! The boy becomes sick.
6、We can get into the human body and cause diseases.
7、We must keep the street clean.
Section D
一、
1、 We should eat more fruit like apples, oranges and strawberries……….
What color do you like ?
2、 We went to school without breakfast.
He is short with black hair.
3、 Different foods help us in different ways.
Acup of milk and an egg a day can help make us strong.
4、potatoes tomatoes photos
5、As we know, food gives us energy.
He is the same age as I.
6、A cup of milk and an egg a day can help make us strong.
It can make us sick.
7、unhealthy
8、of course in different ways just so-so
二、
1、You must not take pets to school with you.
2、Don’t park near the school buildings.
三、
(一) Can you do me a favor?
May I help you ? Can I help you ?
You may get a headache when you exercise on an empty stomache.
A cup of milk and an egg a day can help make us strong.
(二) You should see a dentist.
You shouldn’t drink coffee or tea in the evening.
(四)Must I wash my hands before meals / No , you needn’t.
You must not take pets to school with you.
I have to visit a friend.
(五)You’d better not go to school today.
(六)Shall I take you to the hospital ?
四、
1、Is going to bed early good or bad for your health ? It’s good.
2、Keep the air clean and fresh.
3、Eat more fruit and vegetables but less meat.
4、Go to school without breakfast.
5、Students should keep the classroom clean.
6、Students must not talk loudly in class.
7、If we eat too little or too much food , or if we choose the wrong food , it can make us sick.
8、We must have the right kinds of food.