八年级英语大纲知能与考点三维辅导

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八年级英语大纲知能与考点三维辅导

   UNIT 1  Keeping  Healthy

 话题 You must wash your hands before meals.

Section AP9--10

一、重点词汇:

1game match  sport      (三个词都每指体育运动

    sport 多指户外运动,如游泳、登山等。   sport 运动、游戏     play sports 做运动

     game 指户内或户外的有一定规则的运动,如球类。computer games电子游戏

      另外:soprt指运动会,game则指大型国际运动会,如奥运会(the Olympic Games

   在美国,match 是指 boxing , tennis , golf 等个人竞技的运动,其他比赛通常用 game.

     例:在电视上观看一场足球赛(P9

____________________________________________________

       做运动(七上P96________________  ______________________

       下午500在操场上有一场一班对二班的足球赛。(七下P19

       _________________________________________________________________

2exercise 用法:

    可数名词: 意为练习。例:做数学练习____________________________________

            意为体操。例:做早操(P10_________________________________

   不可数名词:体格锻炼”“运动。例:散步是一种很好的运动。(P11

__________________________

            锻炼(P10_____________________ 

或(七下P16____________________________

3right 用法:

   ① (形容词)对的,正确的。     例:正确。(七上P15______________________

   ② (副词)正好,恰好;正确。  

例:饭后马上做运动(P10______________________________________

   ③ (名词)右边。             

例:用右手吃饭。_____________________________________________

   ④ 短语:  立刻,马上(七上P33___________________

4keep 用法:

   ① “借(书)。例:我能借(它)多长时间?(P七下P18

________________________________________

   ② “保持,保存。例:保持健康(P1____________________ 

留长指甲(P10____________________

5or

  ① 用作并列连词,表示选择,意为或,或者

    那个女孩是高还是矮?(七上P41

_________________________________________________________

    早上床睡觉对你的健康是有益还是有害呢?(P10

_______________________________________________

  ② 用作并列连词,表示并列,连接并列分句,意为否则”.

     早点起床,否则你会迟到的。___________________________________________________

6see 用法:

   ① 看见,看到。    

例:很高兴见到你。(七上P3_________________________________________

       看电影___________________________

   ② 明白;理会。     

例:我明白了。(P9_________________ 让我想想。(P106__________________

    比较:让我看看。_______________________________________

二、重点语法:(动名词)

   1 动名词的特性:

      ① 有动词的特征,可以有自己的状语和宾语。

         留长指甲对健康有害。

_______________________________________________________(动宾结构)

      ② 有名词、形容词的特征,可在句中作主语、表语、宾语等。

         做早操对你的健康有益。

_______________________________________________________(作主语)

         我最喜爱的运动是跑步。

_______________________________________________________(作表语)

         她喜爱跳舞。_____________________________________(作宾语)

   2、注意:不要将作表语的动名词与 进行时态相淆。

       动名词作表语:表示主语的内容或某种特征。      进行时态:表示正在进行的动作。

       我的工作是教英语。____________________________________________(动名词作表语)

       我正在教英语。________________________________________________(进行时态)

    3、动名词课本重点句:(动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。)

       熬夜对你的身体是有害的。(P9

________________________________________________________

       饭后立即运动有害健康。(P10

_________________________________________________________

       做早操有益于健康。(P10

_____________________________________________________________

三、重点句型:

1It 作形式主语。

   动名词作主语时,尤其是动名词词组较长时,为了保持句子平衡,通常用先行词 it 作形式主语,而将真正的

   主语放在句末。

   例:Making plans is  easy.          It's easy making plans.

       课本句:Going to  bed early is  good.         

(用 it 作形式主语)____________________________

2、动名词作主语:   

发烧或得流感对健康有_______________________________________________________

3、早上床睡觉对你的健康是有益还是有害呢?(P10

_______________________________________________

4 如果我患有头痛,我该怎么做?(P10

_________________________________________________________

5、你应当饭前洗手。______________________________________________________

6、你最好不要留长指甲。_____________________________________________________________

7、你不该吃得太少。__________________________________________________

8、我明白了。(P9_______

八年级英语(仁爱版)大纲知能与考点三维辅导

   UNIT 1  Keeping  Healthy

 话题 You must wash your hands before meals.

Section BP11--12

一、重点词汇:

1habit ——可数名词(复数形式为 habits

   [谚语]习惯成自然。Habit is second nature.        健康的习惯(P11_____________________

2、构词法:名词 + y         形容词   (这种形容词主要作定语或表语。)

   rani——rainy    sun——sunny    wind——windy    cloud——cloudy    health——healthy

   作定语:  健康的习惯(P11____________________________

   作表语:  今天是个多云的日子。_____________________________________

3in into

   in 意为..........里面,表示静态含义,常与 be 动词连用,表示一种状态。

   into 意这........里面去,表示动态含义,常与实义动词连用,表示一个动态的过程。

   我的家在北京。(七上P13__________________________________________________(表示状态)

   把它放在篓子里。(P11_______________________________________________(表示放进的动作过程)

4keep + 宾语 + 补语:

   使你保持活力(P11________________________________

5give energe  for........ .......提供能量

   早餐为你上午提供能量。(P11____________________________________________________________

6、重点短语:

   ① 至少,起码__________________ ② 乱扔________________③ (随身)带(某东西)________________         ④ 保持活力____________________ ⑤ 在白天______________________  ⑥ 在草坪上__________________

   ⑦ .......放入.......________________

二、重点语法:(情态动词 must must not的用法)

    must 表示必须。变一般疑问句将 must提前即可。

    must 的否定式  mustn't 表示不许、禁止,不准”“一定不要,一定不许。多用于上级对下级的要求,

         或是某种明文规定、规章制度。表明了说话人或规章制度的权威性。

    注:不用 mustn't 来回答由 must 开头的问句,而应用 needn'tdon't have to不必)

1、饭前你必须洗手。(P12__________________________________________________________

2、你不允许到处扔垃圾。(P11___________________________________________________________

3、你不允许在强光下看书。(P12________________________________________________________

4、他必须做早操吗?不,他不必。(是的,他必须。)(P12

    ___________________________________________________________________________________

5、你不允许带宠物和你一起去学校。(P11_______________________________________________________

三、重点句子:

1It is necessary for........ 它对.......来说是必不可少的(有必要)

   它(散步)对健康有必要。(P11__________________________________________________________

2、散步是项好运动。(P11___________________________________________________________

                                             (注:exercise是不可数名词,故good前不加 a

   (比较):水对你的健康有益。(P11__________________________________________be good for

3、(比较句子):禁止在草坪上行走。(P12_________________________________________________

                不要在草坪上行走。(P12_________________________________________________

    must not = mustn't 不允许,禁止; 祈使句 Don't.........不要.............

4、记住!总是饭前洗手。(P11______________________________________________________

5、每天至少喝八杯水。(P11________________________________________________________

6、早睡早起。它会使你白天保持活力。(P11

    ______________________________________________________________________________________

7、不要在教学楼附近停车。(P11____________________________________________________

八年级英语(仁爱版)大纲知能与考点三维辅导

   UNIT 1  Keeping  Healthy

 话题 You must wash your hands before meals.

Section CP13--14

一、重点词汇:

1cause (及物动词)导致,引起,使发生

   用法: cause sth.  cause sth. to (for) people “引起某事,给人带来.........”

         头痛可能是什么原因引起的?(P13_____________________________________________________

2show “显示,出示,表明。常用句型:show sb.  sth.  show sth. to  sb.   show + that从句

   ① 请出示你的票。______________________________________

   ② 它可以表明你的身体出了问题。(P13____________________________________________________

3disease illness病,疾病

  disease =(an) illness or  disorder caused by  infection or unnatural growth , not  by an accisent.

  illness = (a) disease;  unhealthy state of  the body. “疾病,身体不适

  区别:illness disease 所引起的一段身体不适的时间或一种不适的状态。

  只有 disease 才能被,才能传染给他人,如果这种病是传染性的话。也只有disease才是医学研究的对象

  患了疾病(disease)的人就称为生病(ill)或(sick    [注:在英国中,sick 用来表示呕吐或恶心。]

  头痛不是一种疾病。(P13_________________________________________________________________

  发烧或一些其他疾病可以引起头痛。(P13____________________________________________________

  我们能进入人体引起疾病。(P14_______________________________________________________

4through (介词),穿(通)过,表示从空间或内部穿过。(比较:across 表示从表面上穿过,P48

   我们能够通过皮肤进入人体。(P14______________________________________________________

5enough 用法:

   ① (形容词),足够的。修饰名词,放在复数名词或不可数名词的前面或后面,但放在名词的前面居多。

      当你不能有足够睡眠时,你可能会头痛。(P13____________________________________________

   ② (副词),足够地。修饰形容词时,一般放在形容词的后面。

      足够强壮(P107________________________enough放在所修饰的形容词的后面)

6become get

   ① become “变得,变成,成为。(常指身份、职位的变化),作瞬间动词时指状态的变化。

      那个男孩生病了。(14___________________________________________(指状态变化,后接形容词)

      She becomes a  doctor. 她成了一名医生。(指身份、职位变化,后接名词)  

   ② get (连系动词),表示逐渐变得,后接形容词的原形或比较级。

     天气变得越来越暖和。(七下P83______________________________________________________

7get 用法:  

   ① “得到,获得。”      

例:买两公斤蛋。(七上P81____________________________________

   ② 到达(七下P43_______________        

起床(七下P1_____________________

   ④ get sb.  to do sth. “让某人做某事”  

      例:我会马上让人去修理它。(七下P38

_______________________________________________

   ⑤ get into 进入   

例:我们能够通过口腔进入人体。(P14______________________________________

   ⑥ 生病:get a + 疾病名

      当你空腹做运动时,你可能会头痛。(P13

___________________________________________________

8other , the other , the  others , another 的区别:

   ① other (形容词),其他的,另外的修饰单数名词时,必须与 no , some , any 连用。

      发烧或一些其他疾病可以引起头痛。(P13

__________________________________________________

   ② the other 两者中的另一个(常用于 one........the other......一个.......另一个.........

      他们住在街道的另一边。___________________________________________________

   ③ the others“(三者以上时,除了被提起的一个之外的),其他,其余(全部)

      Some of the  students go swimming , the  others play football.

有的学生去游泳,其余的踢足球。

   ④ another 表示三者以上不确定数目中的另一个”“再一个another前不加任何冠词)

      你想试穿另外一双吗?(七上P79_______________________________________________

9on 表示状态

   空着肚子锻炼。(P14_____________________________________________________

   廉价出售(七上P78____________________________________

10more than “超过,多于”——(反义词为:less than“少于 ——(同义词为:over

   我们每个月可能会不止一次头痛。(P13_______________________________________________________

11fight 打架(仗);与........打仗;与........作斗争  fight germs 阻止细菌,同细菌作斗争)

    我们该做些什么事阻止细菌呢?(P14________________________________________________________

12need 用法:

    ① need sth. 需要某东西    

       我需要些圣诞卡片。(七上P81__________________________________

    ② need to do  sth. 需要去干某事

       如果你经常头痛,你需要去看一下医生。(P13___________________________________________

13win (动词)赢,获胜——(名词 winner 获胜者)——(动名词 winning

     我们赢 。(P14________________________________________

    我是胜者。(七下P71________________________________________

二、语法重点:(运用 should(应该), shouln't(不应该) , must(必须) , must not(不准,不允许)

1 我们该做些什么事阻止细菌呢?(P14

_______________________________________________________

2 我们应该保持空气干净清新。(P14

__________________________________________________________

3、我们不应该吃变质的食物。(P14

__________________________________________________________

4、我们在饭前必须洗手。(P14

____________________________________________________________

5、我们必须保持指甲干净。(P14

__________________________________________________________

6、我们应当经常扫地。(P14

______________________________________________________________

7、我们不准喝发酸的牛奶。(P14

__________________________________________________________

三、重点句子:

1、当你头痛时,它意味着什么?(P13

________________________________________________________

2、我们应该什么时候去看医生?(P13

________________________________________________________

3You  may.............when.........  .........时,你可能.............

   当你工作太累时,你可能会头痛。(P13

____________________________________________________

   当你不能有足够睡眠时,你可能会头痛。(P13

_______________________________________________

   当你空腹做运动时,你可能会头痛。(P13

___________________________________________________

4、它可以表明你的身体出了问题。(P13

______________________________________________________

5、我们赢了。男孩生病了。(P14

___________________________________________________________

6、我们能进入人体引起疾病。(P14

_________________________________________________________

7、我们必须保持街道清洁。(P14

___________________________________________________________

  

八年级英语(仁爱版)大纲知能与考点三维辅导

   UNIT 1  Keeping  Healthy

 话题 You must wash your hands before meals.

Section DP15---16

一、重点词汇:

1 like 用法:

   ① (介词)。(词组:look like 看起来像)

      我们应该多吃水果,像苹果、桔子、草莓.........P15

___________________________________________

   ② (动词)喜欢

      你喜欢什么颜色?(七上P38____________________________________________

2without (介词)无、没有、不”——(反义词 with

   用法:without with 短语在句中多作状语,很多时候表示一种伴随状态或条件

   我们没吃早饭就上学去

__________________________________________________________________

   他是个黑发矮个子。(七上P41

___________________________________________________________

3help 用法:  

   ① help sb. 帮助某人

    不同的食物以不同的方式有助于我们。(P15

________________________________________________

   ② help sb. ( to ) do sth. 帮助某人干某事 to 可要可不要)

     一天一杯牛奶和一个鸡蛋会有助于使我们强壮。(P15

________________________________________

4、以 o结尾的词的复数形式:① potato____________    ② tomato______________  

③ photo___________

5as 用法:(连词)按照,如同,因为,由于

           ②(副词,连词)和........一样,如同,因为

           ③ as well (除........之外)还,也,此外

      我们知道,食物能给我们提供能量。(P15

________________________________________________

      他的年龄和我一样大。(七上P55

_______________________________________________________

6make (使役动词),使..........变得(怎样),使.........成为(什么)make + 宾语 + 宾语补足语)

   一天一杯牛奶和一个鸡蛋有助于使我们强壮。(P15

____________________________________________

   它会使我们生病。(P15_____________________________________________

7healthy(反义词)________________

8、重要短语: ① 当然______________  ② 在不同的方面_________________

马马虎虎,一般_________

二、语法重点:(提醒与警告)

1、你不许带宠物去学校。(P16____________________________________________________

2、不要在教学楼附近停车。(P16__________________________________________________

三、情态动词 may , can , need , must , have to , should , had better , shall 归纳:

     may can 的用法:

①    请示许可: 你能帮我个忙吗?(七上P81

________________________________________

        需要帮忙吗?(七上PP77-78)(两种表达)____________________________________

      ② 谈论可能性:

         当你空腹做运动时,你可能会头痛。(P13

________________________________________________

         一天一杯牛奶和一个鸡蛋可能有助于使我们强壮。(P15

_____________________________________

      ③ can “”“,表示主语的能力。而may没有此用法。例:I can  speak English. 我会讲英语。

    should 作情态动词用时,常表示义务责任,意为应该

      你应当去看牙医。(P1___________________________________________________

       你不应该在晚上喝咖啡或茶。(P2

_________________________________________________

    need 意为需要,常用于疑问句和否定句中。( must 的回答)

    must “必须,强调说者的主观原因。have to 常强调客观因素而不得不

      Must I........?的否定回答用 No , you needn't ( don't have to )“不必”. 

must not 表示不允许,不准

       我饭前必须洗手吗? 不,你不必。(P12

__________________________________________________

       你不准带宠物上学。(P16___________________________________________

       我不得不去拜访一位朋友。(七上P85_________________________________________

    had better “最好.........”

      你今天最好别上学。(P3

_____________________________________________________________

    shall 用于第一人称的句型——— Shall Iwe..........?“我(我们).........好吗?” 

     我送你去医院好吗?(P3

_____________________________________________________________

四、重点句子:

1——早上床睡觉对身体有益还是有害?       ——有益。

    __________________________________________________________________________________

2、保持空气干净清新。(P16________________________________________________________

3、多吃水果、蔬菜,少吃肉。(P16___________________________________________________

4、不吃早餐上学。(P16______________________________________________________

5、学生应该保持教室清洁。(P16_____________________________________________________

6、学生不应该在课堂上大声谈话。(P16__________________________________________________

                (注:in class 在课上,在课堂上;    in the  class 在班上)

7、如果我们吃得太少或吃得太多,或者选择了不适当的食物,就会使我们生病。(P15

  _____________________________________________________________________________

8、我们必须吃种类合适的食物。(P15

________________________________________________________

参考答案:

Section A

一、

1、  watch a  soccer game on  TV.

Have sports   play sports

A soccer match between Class One  and Class Two  is on the  playground at 5:00 in  the afternoon.

2do math  exercise       do morning exercise

  Walking is good exercise.

  Do exercise     take exercise

3That’s right

Play sports right after meals .

Eat with right hand.

Right away.

3、  How long can  I keep it?

Keep healthy      keep long fingernails

4、  Is the  girl tall or  short?

Is going to  bed early good or  bad for your health?

Get up  early , or you will be  late.

6Nice to  see you.    See a  film

  I see      Let me see.

二、

1、  Keeping long fingernails is  bad for your health.

Doing morning exercises is  good for your health.

My favorite sport is  running.

She likes dancing.

2、  My job  is teaching English.

I’m teaching English.

3、  Staying up  late is bad  for your health .

Playing sports right after meals is  bad for your health.

Doing morning exercise is  good for your health.

三、

1It’s good going to  bed early.

2Having a  bad cold or  the flu is  bad for your health.

3Is going to  bed early good or  bad for your health ?

4If I  have a headache , what should I  do?

5You should wash hands before  meals .

6You’d better not  keep long fingernails.

7You shouldn’t eat  too little .

8I see.

Section B

一、

1healthy habits

2healthy habits        It’s a cloudy day  today

3My family is  in Beijing

  Put it into the  basket.

4keep you  active.

5Breakfast gives you  energy for the  morning .

6at least    throw about      take ……with……   keep active  

in the  daytime     on the lawn       put……into……

二、

1You must wash your hands before meals.

2You must not  throw litter about.

3You  mustn’t read in  strong sunlight.

4Must he  do morning exercises ?  No, he needn’t .Yes , he must.

5You mustn’t take pets to  school with you.

三、

1It’s necessary for  good health.

2、  Walking is  good exercise.

Water is  good for health.

3、  You must not  walk on the  lawn.

Don’t walk on  the lawn.

4Remember! Always wash your hands before meals.

5Drink at  least eight cups of  water every day.

6Go to  bed early and  get up early. It  will keep you  active in the  daytime.

7Don’t park near the  school buildings.

Section C

一、

1What may  cause headaches?

1、  Show your tickets , please.

It may  show that something in  your body is  wrong.

3A headache is  not a disease.

  A fever or  some other illness may  cause headaches.

  We can get  into the human body and  cause diseases.

4We can  get into the  human body through the  skin.

5You may  get a headache when you  can’t get enough sleep.

  strong enough

5、  The boy  become sick.

The weather gets warmer and  warmer.

7Get 2  kilos of eggs.   Get to     get up

  I’ll get someone to  check it right now.

  We can get  into the human body through the  mouth.

  You may get  a headache when you  exercise on an  empty stomach.

8A fever or  some other illness may  cause headache.

  They live on  the other side of  the street.

  Would you like to  try on another pair ?

9Exercise on  an empty stomach.      On sale

10We may  have more than one  headache each month.

11What should we  do to fight germs ?

12I need some Christmas cards.

   If you  have headache often, you  need to see  a doctor.

13We win.

   I’m the winner !

二、

1What should we  do to fight germs ?

2We should keep the  air clean and  fresh.

3We shouldn’t eat  bad food.

4We must wash ourhands before meals.

5We must keep our  fingernails clean.

6We should sweep the  floors often.

7We must not  drink sour milk.

三、

1What does it  mean when you  have a headache?

2When should we  go to see  a doctor ?

2、  You may  get a headache when you  work too hard.

You may  get a headache when you  can’t get enough sleep.

You may  get a headache when you  exercise on an  empty stomach.

4It may  show that something in  your body is  wrong.

5We win ! The  boy becomes sick.

6We can  get into the  human body and  cause diseases.

7We must keep the  street clean.

Section D

一、

1、  We should eat  more fruit like apples, oranges and  strawberries……….

What color do  you like ?

2、  We went to  school without breakfast.

He is  short with black hair.

3、  Different foods help us  in different ways.

Acup of  milk and an  egg a day  can help make us  strong.

4potatoes     tomatoes     photos

5As we  know, food gives us  energy.

  He is the  same age as  I.

6A cup  of milk and  an egg a  day can help make us  strong.

  It can make us  sick.

7unhealthy

8of course     in different ways     just so-so

二、

1You must not  take pets to  school with you.

2Don’t park near the  school buildings.

三、

(一)   Can you  do me a  favor?

May I  help you ?   Can I  help you ?

You may  get a headache when you  exercise on an  empty stomache.

A cup  of milk and  an egg a  day can help make us  strong.

(二)   You should see  a dentist.

You shouldn’t drink coffee or  tea in the  evening.

(四)Must I  wash my hands before meals / No , you  needn’t.

You must not  take pets to  school with you.

I have to  visit a friend.

(五)You’d better not  go to school today.

(六)Shall I  take you to  the hospital ?

四、

1Is going to  bed early good or  bad for your health ? It’s good.

2Keep the  air clean and  fresh.

3Eat more fruit and  vegetables but less meat.

4Go to  school without breakfast.

5Students should keep the  classroom clean.

6Students must not  talk loudly in  class.

7If we  eat too little or  too much food , or  if we choose the  wrong food , it  can make us  sick.

8We must have the  right kinds of  food.