Unit 11Could you please clean your room?

　单元焦点

一、知识技能

你能熟记下列常用表达方式并灵活运用吗？

1.do the dishes
2.sweep the floor　
3.take out the trash　
4.fold your clothes
5.clean the living room
6.do chores

7.get a ride

8.play with sb.
9.forget to do sth.
10.do the laundry
11.hate to do (doing) sth.

12.take care of= look after

13.make dinner
14.make your bed
15.invite sb to a place
16.take sb. for a walk
17.give sb sth.=give sth to sb
18. Could you please clean your room?  Yes, sure.
19. Could I please use the car?  No, you can’t. I have to go out.

二、文化背景，交际策略

1. —Peter, could you please take out the trash?请你把垃极倒掉好吗？

　　—Sure, Mom.可以，妈妈。

　　—Could you please do the dishes? 请洗盘子好吗？

 —Sorry, I can’t. I have to do my homework.抱歉，我不能。我得做作业。

（1）在表示请求帮助或请求允许的疑问句中，常用could代替can，以表示礼貌，委婉或不确定的语气，而can则不具备这些语气。这种情况下不能把could看作can的过去式。以上两句中用could是为了表示礼貌的请求。表示请求帮助或请求允许时，除了can, could之外，还可以用may，句子的表达方式也各有不同，可以用不同的方式来表示同一个概念。例：

　　①Could/Can/May I use your car for a day?

　　②I wonder if I could use your car for a day?

　　③Do you mind if I use your car for a day?

　对于①、②句所作允答可以各种各样，如同意可以说Yes，或Sure或Certainly，还可说Yes, (do) please. 或Of course. (you may/can). 或That’s OK/all right. 如果不同意，可以说I’m sorry you can’t. 或I’m really sorry, but I have to use it today. 要避免说No, you can’t. 这样显得很不礼貌。否定回答通常用委婉语气。对于句（3）所作回答可以说Never mind. /Not at all. 表“不介意”。不能用Yes. /Sure. /Of course. /Certainly.等。

无论肯定还是否定应答中，要避免使用could，要用can或may。因为应答须用确定的语气。而could在表请求的问句中是为了表示礼貌或委婉语气，用在应答中则成了不确定语气，与情理不符。所以应答中不说Yes, you could. 或No, you couldn’t. 而要说Yes, you can. 或Sorry. /No, you can’t.

（2）．区别动词do和make。

　  “do”与动作及非实质性的事连用，与词尾是-ing的动作名词连用，如：do the dishes（洗餐具），do my homework（做我的家庭作业），do chores（做家务，处理琐事），do the laundry（洗衣），do the shopping（购物），do some reading（读书）

　　“make”表示“做、制造”、“整理”、“冲、泡（饮料）”等，如：

　　make your bed（铺床），make breakfast（做早餐），make dinner（做晚饭），make tea（泡茶，沏茶），make myself a cup of coffee（给自己冲一杯咖啡）

　　（3）take out　带出（人），取出（物）；take out of　从……里取出

（4）.trash　 n.(Am .E)　rubbish　 n.( Bri. E ) 不可数名词，垃圾；废物

　　

三．学法引导：

1.本单元的焦点话题是学会用could婉转提出请求和征求对方许可.

2. 学习如何争得别人的允许或许可.
3. 能写出一篇短信, 要求你的朋友或家人当你不在时为你所做的事情.

　　

知识链接：

1. I hate to do chores.我不喜欢做家务。

　　（1）do chores.= do　housework做家务

　　（2）hate vt. “不喜欢，讨厌、恨”，没有进行时。hate to do sth或hate doing sth厌恶做某事，to do更多表示具体的一次性的动作，而doing更多表示习惯性，经常的一般的动作。这与like后接to do或doing的用法一样。　hate sb./sth 讨厌某人/某事

I enjoy cooking but hate washing dishes.我喜欢做饭，但是我不喜欢洗盘子。

I like swimming but I hate to swim today.我喜欢游泳，但今天我讨厌游泳。

2. Could I invite my friends to a party on Saturday?我能请我的朋友参加聚会吗？

　　invite　vt.  “邀请”，意同ask，但invite更正式。

　　①invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事。

　　e. g.　They invited me to join their club.他们邀请我参加俱乐部。

　　②invite sb. to place. 邀请某人到某地

　　③invitation  n.　邀请

　　e. g. Thanks for your invitation. 谢谢你的邀请。

　　 Thank you for asking /inviting me.

3． Thanks for taking care of my dog.

　　“take care of”“照顾、照料、注意”，意思侧重于负责任的意思，后面的宾语可以是表示人或事物的名词或代词。

　　e. g. Mother takes good care of her children.妈妈照顾好她的孩子。

　 　　 It’s not easy to take care of the sick.照顾病人是不容易的。

　　　 Take good care of the books.保管好这些书。

　　注：look after一般情况下可替换take care of，意思上强调看管或照料。

　 　　I have to look after my　at home.我不得不在家照顾我妈妈。

4． I’m going to move to a new house.

　　 move to /into …　搬到，搬入……

　　e. g. They moved into the new apartment last week.上星期他们搬到新的公寓。

　　　 Later his family moved to New York.后来他一家搬到纽约。

5．. I need some help.我需要帮助。

　　We need to clean the house.我们需要打扫房子。

　　help 作名词为不可数名词。

　　need作动词用法：need sth. /sb, need to do sth.

need还可用作情态动词，“必须”，否定形式“needn’t”，后跟动词原形。

You needn’t call him at once.你不需要马上打电话。

 need作名词时指“需要，必需”时为不可数名词，指“必需品，要求”时常用复数。

　　e. g. There’s no need to do that. 不需要做那事。

　6．borrow some money借钱　　borrow（ 借进，借入），其反义词为lend（借出）

borrow sth. from sb.向某人借某物

lend sb. sth==lend sth to sb.把…...借给某人

　 You can borrow some money from your brother.你可以向你哥哥借些钱。

　　Can you lend me your  bike?你能借给我你的自行车吗？

　 注意在表达“借了多长时间”时，既不能用 borrow　也不能用lend

因为他们是终止性动词,要用keep.例如：

.How long may I keep the book?这本书我可以借多长时间？

7．..How often do you clean your room?你多长时间打扫一次房间？

Every day/ seldom/ once /Every other day /每天/几乎不/一天一次/每隔一天

注意How often多么经常/ How soon多快 /How long多么长时间 /How far….多远

How soon will the dinner be ready? In ten minutes.晚饭还有多长时间做好？十分钟后。

 　　 解题点拨：

[例1]　10. I want to_________ some money from you. Could you　_______ it to me?

A. borrow, lend  B. lend,　borrow　C. borrow, keep　D. keep ,borrow

 [解析] 此题考查 borrow(借进)，和lend(借出), 故答案为A

 [例2] ．—Mum, Could I go shopping with you?

　　　 —Yes, ________. But you have to finish your homework first.

　　　A. you can　 B. you could　 C. you can’t　  D. You couldn’t

　 [解析] 此题考查Could  表示请求时的答语。因而答案是 A。

同步练习　  　　 

A组

一． 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。

1.-We s ________ the floor just half an hour ago.

2. The boy h ________ eating rice day after day.

3. Some t ________ like surfing the Internet very much

4. Karen b ________ a storybook from one of her friends.

5． Our teachers are having a m ________ in the teachers' office.

6．We need more drinks and s_________ .

7． Thank you very much for i ________ me to your party.

8．Can you lend me your bike? M_______is broken.

二．根据汉语意思完成下列各句，每空一词。

1. 你把垃圾拿出去吗？好的。

 _________you ________ ________ the trash? Yes,______

2. 起床后，请整理床铺。

Please ________ ________ ________ after you get up.

3. 我想邀请他们来参加晚会。

I want _____ ______ them ________ the party.

4. 他的爸爸经常早晨带他去散步。

His father often ________ him ________ ________ ________ in the morning.

5.. 你能帮我打扫起居室吗？ 对不起，我不能。我得给朋友写信。

_________ you help me_________the living room?

Sorry, _____　______. I_____ ______ write to my friend.

6.. 妈妈，不要忘了喂金鱼。

Mom, don't _________ ________ ________ the goldfish.

7．______ _______do you water the flowers?

 __________　_________　a week.你多长时间浇一次花？一周三次。

8．谢谢帮我照顾宠物小狗。

Thanks_____ ______　care of my dogs.

三．选择填空：

(　  )1.He needs ________ his room.

A. to clean B. cleaning 　　 C. cleans D. clean

（　　）2.Could you please do the dishes?　________. I have to do my homework.

　　　  A.Yes, I do　 B.Yes,I can　C.Sorry, I can’t　D.Sorry,I am not

(　　  )3.My friend with me ______ going to Beijing ______ vacation.

A.are, in　　B. is, on　　C. is, in　　D. are, on

(　　 )4. -Could you please ________ your clothes?　 Certainly, mom.

A.to fold 　　　B. make　　 C. flod　　　D. do

(　　　 )5. -Manuel, could I use your computer?

-Sorry, I'm going to ________ it now.

A. work in　　 B. work at C. work on D. work over

(　　　)6.. I hate　 ________ some chores, but I like to________ my bed.

A. making ; make　　 B.to　do;　 do C.doing ; make　　D. do; make

(　　　)7. I don't like doing the dishes because it's ________ .

A. interesting B. boring C. interested D. bored

 (　　　)8. Do you agree_________me ?

　　　  A.to　B.with　C. at　　 D. for

( 　　 )9.Could you get _________for me?

　　　 A.any　　B. a　　 C.some　　 D.many

 

(　　　).10.. I ___________ my aunt in Australia this winter vacation.
A. visit　　 B. am going to visit　 C. visited　　 D. was going to visit
 

四．. 根据要求转换句型，每空一词。（10分）

1. Remember to clean the bed. （改为同义句）

________ ________ to clean the door.

. He is going to look after his grandma. （改为同义句）

2．He is going to _________ _________ _________his grandma.

3． He wants to be a famous singer. (改为将来时态)

He ______ ______ ______ ______ a famous singer.

4．. He needs to eat lunch. (改为一般疑问句)

______ he ______ to eat lunch?

　　　　　5．Jim has to help his mother do the housework. (改为否定句)

　　　　　　  Jim _______ _______to help his mother do the housework.

　

　　　　  6．.. Can you lend your pen to me? （改为同义句）

Can ________ ________ your pen?

五、连词成句，注意标点符号的使用。

1. He、when、forgets、his、son、gets、really、angry、to wash the face

2.. take  out, could, please , you , trash , the

3. I、don't 、 shopping、like、the、doing、because、  boring、It's

4. because、I、wash、like、the、it's、relaxing、dishes、to

5. and、I、are、going、vacation、my parents、tomorrow、 on

B 组

一．根据课文内容填空。

 Nancy,

　　Thanks for ____1____ care of my dog. Could you please ____2____ these things every day? Take him ____3____ a walk. Give him water and ____4____ him. Then wash his bowl, play ____5____ him. Don’t ____6____ to clean his bed. Have fun! I’ll see you next week.

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Yours

Thomas

二. 完型填空
We got over 1,000 __1__, faxes, and e-mails from our readers about their New Year’s resolutions. Thank you! Many readers_______ harder in school this year. Lots of readers are going to 3__ . Some readers said they were going to eat ___4__ vegetables. A few readers __5__ they were going to learn a new language. Some __6__ said they were going to exercise more to keep fit

（.身材） Some __ 7___ said they were going to study the subjects their children learn at school. They said they __8__ to communicate （交流）better with their kids. An old lady said she found a job _______ a foreign language teacher. She is going to 10___ a teaching job in China next year.
 (  ) 1. A. stamps　　B. fruits　　C. letters　D. food
(　 ) 2. A are going to work. B.works　 C.is working　　D. worked

(　　)3. A. play sports　 B. play games　 C. play with　D.play
(　  ) 4. A. many　　B. more　　 C. a little　 D.much
(　  ) 5. A. say　　  B. says　　 C. said　　 D.sayed
(　  ) 6. A. girls　　 B. boys　　C. men　　　D.girl
(　  ) 7. A. fathers　 B. mothers　 C. parents　D.mother
(　 ) 8. A. want　　 B. wanted　　C. wants　　D.to want
(　 ) 9. A. like　　　B. as　　　 C. for　　　 D. on
(　 )10. A. look for　 B. look at　 C. find　　 D.look after

三. 阅读理解

Betty is an American school girl. She is very happy because her parents will take her to China for a visit. They are going to fly from New York on June 30 and get to Beijing on July 1. They will stay at Lido Holiday Inn. Their Chinese friends will show them around Beijing. They are going to visit the Palace Museum, the Summer Palace, the Temple of Heaven and the Great Wall. They will also visit some Chinese homes and try some Chinese food. They will spend a week in Beijing and then go to Xi’an, Guilin and some other places for sightseeing.（观光 ）The whole trip will take three weeks and she is sure she will have a great time in China.
1. Betty is very happy because she will _______ with her parents.
A. visit China　 B. go home　 C. watch TV
2. Their _______ friends will show them around Beijing.
　 A. Australian　 B. Chinese　C. American
3. From the text we can know that they will _______ in Beijing.
　A. cook Chinese food　B. Learn to speak Chinese　 C. try some Chinese food
4. After they visit Beijing , they will go to ___________.
A. Xi’an and Guilin　 B. The Summer Palace　C. Shanghai
　 5. How long will the whole trip take?
　A. one week　 B. two weeks　C. three weeks

任务型阅读：

今年寒假，你要去澳大利亚度假呆一个月，但家里的小猫没人照料，现在请你写一封信给

你的Tony朋友，请他帮忙。

　　 视野拓展：

你能记住这些词组吗？

A． take off脱下、起飞

 take away拿走、取走

take one’s time不急、满满干

take exercises锻炼

take turns轮流、替换

take a bus/ ship/ train乘公共汽车/轮船/火车

B． make a boat造船

make the bed铺床

make a fire生火

make faces做鬼脸

make dumplings包饺子

make a telephong call达电话

make friends交朋友

make dinner 做饭

make tea泡

C． get a ride搭车

get back返回

get down下来

get in 进入/收割

get off/on 下车/上车

get up起床

get on with与　　相处、进展顺利

get to到达

D. do the cleaning打扫卫生

 do the shopping购物

do the cooking做饭

 do the reading阅读

do the laundry洗衣服

 do the flowers插花

do the room整理房间

 do the dishes洗盘子

do one’s hair梳头发

do one’s lesson做功课

答案：

Unit 11Could you please clean your room?

A组

一．　　  1.swept 2.hates 3.teenagers 4.borrowed 5.meeting.6.snacks 7.inviting 8.mine

二．　  1.Could,take,out,sure 2.make,the,bed 3.to ,invite,to 4.takes,for,a ,walk

5.Could,clean,I,can’t,have,to 6.forget,to ,feed 7.How ,often three,times

8.for,taking

三． 1.-5 ACBCC　6-10.CBBCB

四．1.Don’t forget 2.take care of 3.is going to be 4.Does, need 5.doesn’t have 6.I,borrrow

　

五．1．He really gets angry when his son forgets to wash the face.

2．Could you please take out the trash?

3. I don’t like doing the　shopping because it’s boring.

4.I like to wash the dishes because it’s relaxing.

5.My parents and I are going on vocation tomorrow.

　　B 组

一．taking,　do,  for ,　feed, with, forget

二．1. C　2. A 3. A　4. B　 5. C　 6. A　 7. C　 8. B　  9. B   10. A

三.1. A　 2. B  3. C   4. A　 5. C