Unit 12 You’re supposed to shake hands.
学习目标：
1．掌握“be (not) supposed to”的结构及用法。
2．熟悉不同国家的礼仪风俗。
3．了解世界各国文化，在生活中做个有心人，有礼有节之人。
一、词汇
1．基础词汇
kiss 吻，亲吻
land 国家，国土
bow 鞠躬
chopstick 筷子
fork 餐叉
napkin 餐巾
greet 问候
rude 无礼的
wipe 擦去
point 指向
stick 刺，戳
crowd 挤满
spoon 匙
2．重点短语
pick up 捡起
be supposed to 应该
table manners 餐桌礼仪
shake hand 握手
cut up 切开
drop by 访问
after all 毕竟
二、日常用语
1．What are you supposed to do…?
2．You’re supposed to…
3．It’s rude to…
4．When were you supposed to
arrive?
5．I was supposed to arrive
at 7:00，but I arrived at 8:00.
6．You should have asked what
you were supposed to wear.
三、知识讲解
Section A:
1. You’re supposed to shake hands. 你应该握手。
★(1)be supposed to do. 应该，被期望做……
如：
Is he supposed to clean
the outside of the window or only the inside?
他应该把窗户外面擦干净，还是只擦里面就可以呢？
★(2)suppose
动词 认定，假定
如：
Let us suppose that the
news is true. 让我们假定这消息是真实的。
2. You should have asked what you were supposed to wear.
你应该早问一下该穿什么。
★should
have done…这是虚拟语气的一种表达方式，虚拟语气表示所说的话只是一种主观的愿望、假象、建议等。
如：
It is strange that she
should have done it. 真奇怪，她竟干出这种事来。
3. Where I’m from，we’re pretty relaxed about time.
我所在的地方，对时间是相当宽松的。
★(1)Where
I’m from. Where是副词，此处用法没有先行词，“在，于，或至……的地方”。例：
Where there’s no rain，farming is difficult or
impossible.
在不下雨的地方，农业是困难的或根本不可能的。
★(2)where
经常引导以place为先行词的定语从句。如：
She would like to live in
a country where it never snows.
她喜欢住在不下雪的国家。
★(3)pretty
副词 相当地，颇
如：
He did pretty well.
他做的相当好。
★(4)relaxed
形容词 松弛的，缓和的，松懈的，通常用来修饰人。
如：
He’s feeling relaxed now.
他现在感觉轻松多了。
★relaxing
则往往修饰物。
如：
Reading is relaxing. 读书让人放松。
4. Spending time with family and friends is very important to us.
和家人及朋友一起度过对我们来说是很重要的。
★(1)spending
是动名词作主语，此时谓语动词应用单数。
如：
Feeding pigs is her job. 她的工作是喂猪。
★(2)to 是介词，意为“对……来说”
如：
It’s not important to us.
这对我们来说不重要。
5. Often we just walk around the town center，seeing as many as of our friends as we can.
我们经常走遍市中心，看尽可能多的朋友。
★as…as… 用于平等的比较，中间用形容词、副词的原级。
如：
Please come here as quickly as
possible. 请尽可能快点过来。
★当as…as…用于否定句中时，则习惯用so…as…
如：
It isn’t so big as you think it is. 它并没有你所想象的那么大。
6. In Switzerland， it’s very important to be on time.
在瑞士，准时是很重要的。
★ it用作形式主语，代替了真正的主语to be…这一不定式，不定式可以做主语，但是又往往用it作形式主语来代替。
如：
To invent new things is
his job. = It’s his job to invent new things.
发明新东西是他的工作。
To help others is good
when they are in trouble.
= It’s good to help
others when they are in trouble.
帮助那些处于麻烦当中的人是好事。
7. We usually make plans to see friends.
通常我们都是做好去看朋友的计划。
★(1)make
plans for the holidays 作好度假计划。
★plan在此短语中为名词，另外，plan 还可以作为动词来用。
如：
★plan to do sth. 计划做某事。
We are planning to visit
Europe this summer.
我们正计划今年夏天去欧洲旅行。
★(2)We
usually plan to go somewhere interesting，or go somewhere together.
我们通常计划好做些有趣的事，或一起去某个地方。
★Something interesting，something 是不定代词，其修饰语要放后面。
Section B
1. Point at anyone with your chopsticks. 用筷子指着某人。
★(1)point…at… 瞄准，对着
如：
point a telescope at the
moon 让望远镜对着月亮。
★(2)point
to 指向；表示
如：
Both the hour hand and
the minute hand pointed to twelve.
时针和分针都指着十二。
2. It’s polite…to do… It’s rude…to do…
做……是礼貌的，粗鲁的
这一句型真正的主语是不定式，it只是形式主语。
如：
It’s rude to point your
chopstick at others. 用筷子指着别人是不礼貌的。
3. They go out of their way to make me feel at home.
他们花尽心血让我感觉不到拘束。
★(1)go
out of one’s way to do 特意（花心血、时间）做某事；故意做某事。
如：
He went out of his way to
help me. 他特意帮助我。
★(2)make
sb./oneself feel/be at home 感觉如在自己家中，无拘束
4. Although I still make lots of mistakes，it doesn’t bother me like it used to.
尽管我经常出一些错，但它不象过去那样打扰我。
★(1)bother
打扰，烦扰
如：
Tell the children to stop
bothering their father. 告诉孩子们不要打扰他们的父亲。
★(2)used
to 过去常常，强调过去的习惯动作，而现在却不这样了。
如：
Life isn’t so easy here
as it used to be. 如今在此地谋生不象往日那么容易了。
5. I thought that was pretty strange at first，but now I’m used to it.
开始，我想那是太奇怪了，但是现在我已经习惯了。
★be used
to （介）习惯于，适应于
如：
I’m not used to being
spoken to in that rude way.
我不习惯于别人对我那样粗鲁地讲话。
★辨析：used to do与be used to
used to do中to是不定式符号，因此后面要接动词原形。
be used to中to是介词，因此后面接名词或动名词。
6. You’re not supposed to eat anything with your hands except bread，not even fruit!
除了面包，你不可以用手吃任何东西，即使是水果也不行。
★except 除了……之外，但不包括在内，是介词。
如：
He gets up early every day
except Sunday.
除星期日外他每天早起。
Nobody was late except me.
除我以外无人迟到。
★比较：
Five others are late
besides me. 在我之外尚有五人迟到。
★besides 介词，意为除了……之外，还有……，
而except则是除了……之外，别无其它。
7. I have to say，I find it difficult to remember everything，but I’m gradually getting used to them，and don’t find them so strange any more.
不得不承认，我发现记住一切东西是很困难的，但我渐渐习惯了，并且发现他们也不再那么奇怪了。
★Find it
difficult to do… 发现做某事很困难。
如：
He finds it difficult to
stop smoking. 他觉得戒烟是件难事。
★find it
dangerous to do 发现做……危险
★find it
strange to do 发现做……奇怪
8. Was I supposed to start at the outside and work in or the inside and work out?
我是应该先从外面开始，依次向里用还是从里面开始，依次向外用呢？
此处所讲的是在西方国家用正餐时往往配备几套刀叉，刀叉从里到外，是从小到大
的次序，左手处放叉，右手处放刀，使用顺序则从外到里，分别为正餐所用刀叉，及甜点用。
9. But Westley still kept slipping. 但是Westley 依然下滑，没有改善。
★keep + doing 不断，一直做某事，中间未有间隔
★keep on
doing 继续做某事，中间有间隔
如：
We must keep on doing so. 我们今后还要这样做。
The headmaster kept on
talking for nearly an hour. 校长持续谈了近一小时。
★keep sb.
doing 使继续处于某种状态。
如：
I’m sorry to have kept you
waiting for so long. 对不起，让你久等了。
10. She said that even though my father wasn’t there，he was looking down at me and wanted to be proud.
她说即使父亲不在，也从上天看着我，并会以我为骄傲。
★(1)even though/if 即使，纵然，用以使人注意下文之极端性质。
如：
She won’t leave the TV
set even though her supper is on the table.
即使她的晚饭摆在了桌子上，她也不离开电视。
★(2)be proud of 以……为自豪
如：
The man is proud of his health，wealth，position and children.
这个人因他的健康、财富、地位和子女而骄傲。
18. He did so well that he has been invited to study at Oxford University，one of the best universities in the world and a very high honour for any student.
他做的很好，因此被邀请到牛津大学，世界上最好的大学之一，去学习，这对每一位同学来说，都是很高的荣誉。
★(1)so…that…
如此……以致于……引导结果状语从句。
如：
She is so lovely that
everyone likes her. 她是那么可爱，大家都喜欢她。
He works so hard that he catches up
with others quickly.
他工作如此努力，很快就赶上他人。
★(2)so
that 为了，以便，引导结果状语从句。
如：
She worked hard so that
everything would be ready by 6 o'clock.
她拼命干以便能到6点前把一切都准备好。
练习：
一、选择填空：
1.
People are _______ to _______ when they meet for the first time.
A. suppose，shake hand B. supposed，shake hands
C. supposed，shake hand D.
suppose，shook hands
2. When ________ you
supposed to ________ the meeting yesterday?
A. were，had B. was，had C. were，have D. was，have
3. We often _______ our
friends’homes without _______ them first.
A. drop by，call B. drop by，calling C. visit，call D. visits，calling
4. It’s _______ to point
at others with your chopsticks.
A. polite B. rude C. correct D. good
5. In Brazil people should
___ their mouths ___ their napkin every time they take a drink.
A. wipe，to B. wipe，with C. sweep，to D. sweep，with
6. The box is ________
heavy ________ I can’t lift it.
A. too，to B. so，that C. very，that D. too，that
7. Jim has made many
friends since he ________ to China.
A. came B. comes C. has come D. will come
8. ________ was the party
at Jim’s house last night?
A. What B. When C. How D. Why
9. He gave up ________ two
years ago. That’s to say，he is a non-smoker now.
A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked
10. She had never been to
the Great Wall before. Today she saw it ________ the first time.
A. at B. for C. in D. by
11.
Paul doesn’t have to be made ________. He always works hard.
A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned
12. Have you seen the film
“Titanic”，________ was world famous?
A. its B. it’s
C. whose D. which
13. Do you know the boy
________ his hand towards us?
A. waves B. to wave C. waving D. wave
14. If you go into trouble
you can ________ your teacher ________ help.
A. turn，to B. ask，for C. help，with D. look，for
15.
Do you need ________ to read on the train?
A. special anything B. any special thing
C. anything specially D. anything special
二、阅读理解
All
over the world people enjoy sports. Sports help people to keep healthy，happy and help them to
live longer.
Sports change with reason.
People play different games in winter and summer. Games and sports often grow
out of people’s work and everyday activities. They Arabs use horses or camels
in much of their everyday life; they use them in their sports，too.
Some sports are so
interesting that people everywhere go in for them. Football for example，has spread around the
world. Swimming is popular in all countries near the sea or in those with many
rivers.
Some sports or games go
back thousands of years，like running or jumping. Chinese boxing， for example，has a very long history.
But basketball and volleyball are rather new. Neither one is a hundred years
yet. People are inviting new sports or games all the time.
People from different
countries may not understand each other，but after a game they often become
good friends. Sports help to train a person’s character. One learns to fight
hard but fight fair，to win without pride and to lose with grace(文雅)。
1.According to this
passage we know that __________.
A. people began to play about one
hundred years ago
B. About one hundred years ago people
ran or jumped when they played
C. Basketball has a longer history
than volleyball
D. Not all the games have long history
2. According to the
passage，which of the following
isn’t true.
A. sports help to train a person’s
characters.
B. People swim only because there are
lots of rivers in their country.
C. People from different countries may
not be able to understand each other before a game.
D. Sports and games can develop the
friendship between peoples all over the world.
3. The writer didn’t tell
us in this passage that __________.
A. basketball was invented in America
B. sports change with the seasons
C. games and sports often grow out of
people’s work and everyday activities
D. football is played all over the
world
4. A lot of people have
more free time from their work to enjoy sports because ________.
A. they like sports very much B. they want to live
longer
C. they want to make a lot more
friends
D. they don’t have to go to work on
Saturday or Sunday as before
5. From this passage we
can see that __________.
A. sports and games are unimportant
things that people do
B. sports and games should be treated
only as amusement
C. sports and games are only useful to
the old
D. none of the above is true
三、完型填空
Mr.
and Mrs. Moore were invited to a Christmas party at a hotel one year. They 1 their car outside and
went in. Mr. Moore had never got drunk(醉) before，so he was 2 not to drink too much，though his friends asked
him to drink more 3 .
During the party，Mrs. Moore found that she 4 to bring her bag，so she asked her husband
to go out to the car and 5 it for her. He did so，but 6 his way back to the hotel
gate，he heard a car horn(喇叭) blowing near his own
car. He thought someone might be in need of help and went over to the car with
the 7 . He found a small black
bear 8 in the driving-seat and
blowing the horn.
1. A. pulled B.
stayed C. left D. hid
2. A. polite B. careful C.
glad D.
afraid
3.
A. all along B.
once again C.
just then D. for ever
4. A. had remembered B. remembered C. had forgotten D.
forgot
5. A. buy B.
get C. send D. return
6. A. at B.
in C. on D. by
7.
A. noise B. voice C.
cry D.
shout
8. A. to sit B. sit C. sitting D. sits
答案：一、选择填空： 二、阅读理解： 三、完型填空
1—5 BCBBB BBABD 1—5
CBACB
6—10 BACBB 11—15 BDCBD 6—8 CAC
(注:这是北京四中网校的资料,但本人觉得阅读理解的第一个答案应选’D’而不该是’B’)