初中英语中考句型转换专题辅导
教学思路:
练习-------疏理. 归类------分类练习------总结解题方法
Part 1： 热身练习
1.The policeman made the young woman move her car. (改为被动语态)
The young woman___________________________ her car by the policeman.
2. John went to see his grandmother once a week. (对划线部分提问)
____________________John go to see his grandmother?
3. Jack doesn't know whether Mrs White is coming, and Helen doesn't know, either. (改为同义句)
______Jack______ Helen knows ______ Mrs White is coming.
4.Mr King is very busy at work. He can't take a holiday. (改为同义句)
Mr King is____________________ take a holiday.
5.The old lady found out where she could buy 6uit cheaply. (改为同义句)
The old lady found out____________________ fruit cheaply.
6.Susan has been in this city for more than ten years. (改为同义句)
_______more than ten years______ Susan______ to this city.
Keys: 1. was made to move 2. How often did 3. Neither … nor … whether
4. too busy to 5. where to buy 6. It’s … since … came
Part 2：句型归类
★ 例题精讲
一、按要求改写句子（将下列句子改为否定句）
1． I bought some oranges yesterday.
I
2． She does her homework at home in the evening.
She in the evening.
3． Ann had some rice and chicken for supper yesterday.
Ann
4． You’d better ask that policeman.
You’d .
5． They have already had supper.
They .
6． Both Wei Hua and Wei Fang can do it.
do it.
Keys: 1. didn’t buy any oranges yesterday 2. doesn’t do her homework
3. didn’t have any rice or chicken for supper yesterday
4. better not ask that policeman 5. haven’t had supper yet
6. Neither Wei Hua nor Wei Fang can
★ 技巧点拨
改否定句首先应判断谓语动词的形式，对于谓语动词含有have(has, had) do(does,did)时, 应区分是助动词还是实义动词；
练习：
将下列句子改为一般疑问句
1． She has breakfast at 7:30.
at 7:30?
2． I saw something strange over there.
over there.
3． The twins have got some blue hats.
blue hats?
4． Jim’s already finished his homework.
his homework?
5． Peter has to work till midnight.
till midnight?
Keys: 1. She doesn’t have breakfast (have 作为___________，表示“_______”)
2. I didn’t see anything strange
3. Have the twins got any (have 作为__________，表示“__________”)
4. Has Jim already finished (has 作为___________)
5. Does Peter have to work (has 作为__________，表“_______________”)
★ 技巧点拨
1、注意特定组合的否定形式：
如：had better do → had better not do； both ... and … → neither … nor …；
both of … → neither of； All → None等。
2、改一般问句句，首先应判断谓语动词的形式，对于谓语动词含有have(has, had)；do(does,did)时，应区分他助动词还是实义动词。
划线部分提问
1. The man in a black sweater is Jim Green.
is Jim Green?
2. I was planting trees this time the day before yesterday.
this time the day before yesterday?
3. The man downstairs couldn’t sleep because the man upstairs made much noise.
4. We came to China about two years ago.
5. They lived in Beijing for about five years.
6. My father will be back from Shanghai in two weeks.
7. Meimei goes to the cinema once a month.
8. Weihua has visited the Great Wall twice.
9. The police station is about five kilometers away.
Keys: 1. Who 2. What were you doing
3. Why couldn’t the man downstairs sleep?
4. When did you come to China
5. How long did they live in Beijing
6. How soon will your father be back from Shanghai?
7. How often does Meimei go to the cinema
8. How many times has Weihua visited the Great Wall
9. How far is the police station?
★ 关键提示
划线部分提问：应首先分析划线部分代表的对象：时间、地点、人物还是其他，然后具体细分。比如是表时间，那应分为表具体时间（when）还是时间长度 (how long)，还是动作频率 (how often) 等，选取正确的疑问词。
反意疑问句
1. You will meet your friends at the railway station, ?
2. Wu Peng dropped his stick, ?
3. They could hardly believe the news, ?
4. Don’t do that again, ?
5. I don’t think he passed the exam, ?
Keys: 1. won’t you 2. didn’t he 3. could they 4. will you 5. did he
★ 技巧点拨：
判断句子是肯定还是否定 （除not外, hardly, never, few, little, no, no- 等表否定）；找出谓语动词判断句子时态，确定助动词；判断句型等。
（如何判断句型，是否举例说明？）
二、同意句改写
同意句改写应先通读整句，然后根据句意及句式结构选择确定改写方式。比如：同意短语替换：look out = be careful on both sides of = on each / either side of;
句型改写：so … that - too…to / (not) enough to; cost - spend …on / pay…for.
时态改写：过去时、完成时及It’s…..since 句型间的转换等。
短语替换
1. We must look after the young trees along the road.
We must
2. The basket on the table is filled with flowers.
The basket on the table
3. The little boy does well in swimming.
The little boy
4. There are a lot of trees on both sides of the road.
There are a lot of trees
5. The picnic basket was no longer under the tree.
The picnic basket
6. Would you like another two apples?
Would you like
7. Look out ! The car nearly hit you.
, The car nearly hit you.
8. Have you received a letter from Bob yet?
yet?
9. Mrs Green asked someone to repair her radio.
Mrs Green
Keys: 1. take care of the young trees along the road 2. is full of flowers
3. is good at swimming 4. on either side of the road 5. was not under the tree any longer
6. two more apples 7. Take care / Be careful 8. Have you heard from Bob
9. had her radio repaired
句型改写
1. He went to bed after he finished his homework.
he finished his homework.
2. This book isn’t so interesting as that one.
This book
3. Lilei is the tallest in the class.
Lilei is
4. Mike ran faster than Meimei.
Meimei
5. The computer cost me five thousand yuan.
6. It took Tom two hours to do his homework.
7. The station is about twenty minutes by car.
8. How clever the girl is!
9. The panda is so fat that it can’t go through the hole.
The panda
Keys: 1. He didn’t go to bed until 2. is less interesting than that one
3. taller than any other student in the class 4. didn’t run as fast as Mike
5. I paid five thousand yuan for the computer / I spent five thousand yuan on the computer
6. Tom spent two hours on doing his homework
7. It takes about twenty minutes to go to the station by car
8. What a clever girl she is! 9. is too fat to go through the hole
时态的改写
1. My friend went to Beijing last year. She is still in Beijing.
My friend
2. He came here five years ago.
He
3. Jack joined the League five months ago.
since five months ago.
4. It’s five years since he left Wuhan.
He .
5. I have had this book for three years.
It .
Keys: 1. has gone to Beijing 2. has been here for five years
3. Jack has been a League member 4. has been away from Wuhan for five years
5. is three years since I bought this book
语态的改写
1. Someone took away the books yesterday.
yesterday.
2. We can store a lot of information in the computer.
in the computer.
3. They couldn’t make the cow go.
go.
4. They gave Kate a new bike for her birthday.
for her birthday.
Keys: 1. The books were taken away 2. A lot of information can be stored
3. The cow couldn’t be made to 4. Kate was given a new bike
★ 重难点归纳
1. 被动语态句子结构：be +p.p
2. 当谓语动词为双宾语动词 give, show, buy等时，间接宾语前的介词（to/for）不可省略。
3. 当谓语动词为make / see / watch / hear等，且后接宾语补足语为动词原形时，变被动语态时，动词原形应改为动词不定式（to+V）。
4. 用相关短语合并句子：
如: so …that…, too… to…, … (not) enough to…,
both…and…, neither…nor…, either…or…, not only…but also…
1）Our team is very strong. They can’t beat us.
Our team is
2）She is too young to go to school.
She is .
3）This hall is very big. It can hold 2000 people.
This hall is
4）He is a student, and I am a student, too.
5）I haven’t seen this film. Jim hasn’t, either.
6）Weihua or Anny may be on the team.
Keys: 1. so strong that they can’t beat us 2. not old enough to go to school / so strong that she can’t go to school
3. big enough to hold 2000 people 4. Both he and I are students
5. Neither Jim nor I have seen this film 6. Either Weihua or Anny may be on the team
Part 3：中考句型转换题
04句型变换
1. Mr Brown said, “Don’t make such a mistake again, Margaret.” (改为间接引语)
Mr Brown told Margaret _________ _________ _________ such a mistake again.
2. Miss King hardly spoke a word the whole time.（改为反义疑问句）
Miss King hardly spoke a word the whole time, _________ _________?
3. All the pupils have read this storybook. Their English teacher has read this storybook, too.（改为同义句）
_________ _________ all the pupils _________ _________ their English teacher has read this story book.
4. My grandfather is too old to travel around. （改为同义句）
My grandfather is _________ old _________ he _________ travel around any _________.
5. Mike’s car is much more expensive than Susan’s. （改为同义句）
Susan’s car is _________ _________ than _________.
6. You must hand in your history homework by the weekend. （改为被动语态）
Your history homework ________ _______ ________ _______ by the weekend.
2002年
1. The Smiths usually have supper at half past six. （改为反义疑问句）
The Smiths usually have supper at half past six, _________ _________?
2. You must throw the broken pottery away at once. （改为被动语态）
at once.
3. Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating, too. （改为同义句）
.
4. They enjoyed themselves at the garden party. （改为同义句）
They _________ ________ _________ _________ at the garden party.
5. The Indian old lady no longer lived there. （改为同义句）
The Indian old lady .
6. The ice on the lake was so thin that people couldn’t skate on it. （改为同义句）
The ice on the lake was .
Keys:
04年
1. not to make 2. did she 3. Not only … but also 4. so … that … can’t … longer
5. much cheaper … Mike’s 6. must be handed in
02年
1. don’t they 2. The broken pottery must be thrown away at once
3. Both Jim and his parents want to go boating /
Not only Jim but also his parents want to go boating
4. had a good time
5. didn’t live there any longer
6. too thin to skate on
第二部分：句型转换之主从复合句
教学思路： 归纳考点----针对性例题精讲---专题练习
初中阶段所学到过的主从复合句主要有三种：宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句。分辨句子成分时，可以看句子本身是否由两套有关系的主谓（宾）构成。
三种复合句各有其用法特点如下：
Part One： 宾语从句
1、 宾语从句的语法功能相当于名词词组，在句中作宾语。
2、 用陈述句语序，中间一般不能用逗号与主句分开。
3、 用于宾语从句的关联词有：that, whether/if; 连接代词who, what, which; 连接副词when, where, how, why.
4、 从句中的时态除受本身句中时间状语的影响外，还要与主句谓语动词的时态保持一致。
（1）主句为现在时或将来时, 从句可根据需要用任何时态;
(2 ) 主句为过去时,从句是过去时态的一种(根据原句时态判断)。
在句型转换题型中, 宾语从句主要指的是将直接引语转换成间接引语, 有人称、地点、时间以及时态变化等。
规则分析：
一、陈述句----用that（可以省略）引导，注意人称、地点、时间以及时态变化。例如：
1. Tom said, “ I like playing football very much.”
Tom said______________________________. .
2. They said, “ We came there by car.”
They said _________________________________.
3. Tom says,“I’m having a party at my flat tomorrow evening.”
Tom says ________________________________.
二、一般疑问句----用whether/if引导，注意人称、地点、时间以及时态变化。例如：
1. Jim asked, “Have you finished your work?”
Jim asked__________________________________________.
2. He asked his teacher, “Is there anything else I can do for you?”
He asked his teacher ___________________________________________.
三、特殊疑问句----用连接代词who, what, which; 连接副词when, where, how, why等引导引导，注意人称、地点、时间以及时态变化。例如：
1. Guy asked, “When did you start acting, Meiling?”
Guy asked_______________________________________.
2. Leon asked, “How much money have you got?”
Leon asked _______________________________________.
3. I asked Li Ming, “How can I use the computer?”
I asked Li Ming _____________________________________.
四、表示请求、主动帮忙等句型，可以用tell/ask somebody to do something这个结构来进行转换。例如：
1. He said, “ Please move the car. ”
He asked ____________________________________________.
2. “You really must be careful,” said the teacher.
The teacher __________________________________________.
3. “Don’t play football on the road, children,” said the policeman.
The policeman __________________________________________.
Keys:
规则分析：
一、陈述句：
1. Tom said that he liked playing football very much.
2. They said that they came/ had come here by car.
3. Tom says he’s having a party at his flat tomorrow evening.
二、一般疑问句
1. Jim asked if/whether I had finished my work.
2. He asked his teacher if/whether there was anything else he could do for him.
三、特殊疑问句
1. Guy asked Meiling when she started acting.
2. Leon asked me how much money I had got.
3. I asked Li Ming how I could use the computer.
四、表示请求、主动帮忙等句型
1. He asked me to move the car.
2. The teacher told us to be careful
3. The policeman told the children not to play football on the road.
Part Two：状语从句
主要考查条件状语从句、目的/结果状语从句、让步状语从句、时间状语从句、原因状语从句等。
1、条件状语从句：切记分清哪个是主句，哪个是从句，一般来讲跟在关联词if后面的句子是从句。当主句用一般将来时的时候，条件状语从句用一般现在时（即主将从现），除关联词if引导的条件状语从句外，由as soon as, when, before等引导的时间状语从句也有此用法。 使用时要区别由if引导的宾语从句的用法。
2、目的/结果状语从句与原因状语从句：有因就有果。表原因时可用because来引导，表结果时可用so that或者so/such---that-clause来引导。但because 与so/so that不可以同时出现在一个句中。使用时注意主从句时态一致。
3、让步状语从句：表示语意的转折，可由(even) though/although来引导，意思为“虽然---但是---”，though/although与but不可以同时出现在一个句中。使用时注意主从句时态一致。
时间状语从句：有由as soon as, when/while, before, after, since, until等引导的时间状语从句, 使用时注意主从句时态一致。
在句型转换题型中, 常见将状语从句转换成用介词短语或其他简单句来代替的同义转换句。例如：
1. When he was fifteen years old, Tom left his hometown.
Tom left his hometown at the age of fifteen.
2. The dress was so expensive that I didn’t have enough money to buy it.
The dress was too expensive for me to buy.
3. If you stand at a higher place, you’ll see far away.
Stand at a higher place, and you’ll see far away.
4. It’s a long time since we met last.
We haven’t seen each other for a long time.
5. He made great progress because you helped him.
He made great progress with your help.
6. He couldn’t finish the work on time if you didn’t help him.
He couldn’t finish the work on time without your help.
Part Three：定语从句
主要考查由关系代词who, that, which引导的限制性定语从句以及由关系代词who, which引导的非限制性定语从句。使用时注意以下规则：
1、 定语从句紧跟先行词；
2、 先行词为表示人的名词或者代词时，限制性定语从句由关系代词who或者that引导；先行词为表示物的名词或者代词时，限制性定语从句由关系代词which或者that引导(先行词为表示物的不定代词时，限制性定语从句由关系代词that引导); 先行词既有表示人又有表示物的词时，限制性定语从句由关系代词that引导。
3、先行词为表示人的名词或者代词时，非限制性定语从句由关系代词who引导；先行词为表示物的名词或者代词时，非限制性定语从句由关系代词which引导。
4、先行词在定语从句中要充当句子成分，作宾语时，关系代词可以省略。
在句型转换题型中, 常见将两个简单句合并成一个复合句。例如：
1. The girl ate the sweets all day. The girl sat next to me in the meeting.
The girl who sat next to me in the meeting ate the sweets all day.
2. I often go to the shop. It sells different kinds of school things.
I often go to the shop which/that sells different kinds of school things.
3. I visited the factory. My uncle used to work in the factory.
I visited the factory (which/that) my uncle used to work in.
4. A man and a horse drowned in the river. The man and the horse fell into the river.
The man and the horse that fell into the river drowned in the river.
巩固练习:按要求转换下列句子
- I really believe it. Jim was telling the truth.（改为复合句）
- I’m sure of it. It does no harm to you. （改为复合句）
- He began thinking about it. He could learn English well. （改为复合句）
- His teacher said, “This book is very interesting and it is worth reading.”（改为间接引语）
- I asked, “Does he still work in that factory?” （改为间接引语）
- The shopkeeper asked me, “Which do you want?” （改为间接引语）
- “How beautiful the flowers are!” he said loudly. （改为间接引语）
- “What’s the matter with you?” Jim asked Lily. （改为间接引语）
- “ Climb up here,” said Li Ming. （改为间接引语）
- “ Let’s go to the cinema together!” John said to Mary. （改为间接引语）
- I have read the newspaper. He gave the newspaper to me. （改为复合句）
- Here is the dictionary. I will lend it to you. （改为复合句）
- I don’t know the man. He is talking to your parents. （改为复合句）
- A hero will come to our school the day after tomorrow. He fought bravely against the robbers last week. （改为复合句）
- We haven’t seen the men and the ship. They disappeared at the sea last week. （改为复合句）
- The teacher came in the classroom. The students were listening to the music in the classroom. （改为复合句）
- They reached the station but found the train had left. （改为复合句）
- He left home. His parents died. （改为复合句）
- We can’t finish the work on time if you don’t help us. （改为简单句）