过去分词高考考点解析

过去分词作定语、宾语补足语和状语的用法一直是高中英语的重点语法项目,同时也是高考考查的热点,因此笔者现结合历年高考题谈谈过去分词作定语、宾语补足语和状语的用法。

一、考查过去分词作定语

1. Most of the artists ________ to the party were from South Africa.

　　　 A. invited 　B. to invite 　　　 C. being invited 　 D. had been invited

2. The Olympic Games,　________ in 776 B.C., didn’t include women until 1912.

　  A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played 　　D. to be first playing

这两道题的正确答案分别为A和C。

过去分词作定语考查的重点是过去分词(短语)作后置定语的用法。因为过去分词具有完成或被动的含义,所以它作定语时所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前,而且它与所修饰的名词或代词在逻辑上为被动关系,即被过去分词(短语)所修饰的名词或代词是分词动作的承受者。

二、考查过去分词作宾语补足语

3. —Good morning. Can I help you?

　 —I’d like to have this package ________ , madam.

　 A. be weighed 　　　 B. to be weighed 　 C. to weigh 　　D. weighed

4. The murderer was brought in, with his hands ________ behind his back.

　 A. being tied 　　　 B. having tied 　　 C. to be tied 　D. tied

这两道题的正确答案均为D。

过去分词作宾语补足语考查的重点是have sth. done, make oneself heard/followed/ understood...以及with复合结构中过去分词作宾语补足语的意义和用法。过去分词作宾语补足语时,从逻辑上应抓住宾语与宾语补足语之间的语态关系,即二者之间是被动关系,宾语是分词动作的承受者。

三、考查过去分词作状语

5.  ________ more attention, the trees could have grown better.

　 A. Given 　　　　B. To give 　　 C. Giving 　　　D. Having given

6. The research is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it.

　 A. begins 　　　 B. having begun 　　C. begun 　　　 D. beginning

7. If you go to Xi’an, you will find the palaces there more magnificent than　 commonly　________ .

　　　 A. supposing 　　B. supposed 　　C. to suppose 　D. suppose

这三道题的正确答案分别为A,C和B。

过去分词作状语时重点应判断出分词的逻辑主语以及逻辑主语与分词之间的逻辑关系,若二者之间为被动关系,即逻辑主语是分词动作的承受者,则用过去分词。一般地说,分词作状语时其逻辑主语是句子的主语(如考例5和6), 但有时却是句子的宾语(如考例7, supposed的逻辑主语是the palaces), 所以做题时应视句子的具体情况而定。

（文/师茂；英语辅导报高三普及版2004-2005年第5期；版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。）