高考总复习：高一英语--Unit 3
Unit 3 American English
Lesson 9
1.When do you take your next exams?
这里用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作，相当于when will you take your next exams，此用法用于表示按计划或时 刻表将要发生的事。可以这样用的动词有:begin，start，get， go，leave，arrive等。
例如:
When does your summer holiday begin?
The train arrives at 8∶30.
2.Pardon?
pardon是省略语，完整的句型应是I beg your pardon或 Pardon me，表示“请再说一遍”的意思。例如:
—Do you know the meaning of the word“customs”?
—Pardon?/I beg your pardon?
—What does the word“customs”mean in Chinese?
—Oh，it s“海关”.
—Thank you.
3.Would you please say that again more slowly?
I d(=I would)like to...
这里would please...和would like...表示“想要什么或想 干什么”，常用于提出客气、委婉的请求或要求。二者用法稍 有区别:would please...后接动词原形，而would like...后接动 词不定式。例如:
—Would you please help me?
—Sure，what s the matter?
—Would you like to go with me?
—Certainly.
4.I m sorry I don t quite follow you.抱歉我没有听懂。
“follow”的本意是“跟随”的意思。在本句中的意思是 “理解”相当于“understand”。在第五课中我们已经见过“follow”的另一种意思“遵守”。例如:
He followed the directions given him in the letter.他是 按照信里告诉他的方向走的。
Do you follow what I am saying?你听懂我说的话了吗?
5.take one s next exam
take这里意思为“参加”，相当于have。take the next ex am意思是“参加下次考试”，常和exam搭配的动词还有:
hold an exam举行考试
pass the exam考试及格
fail(in)the exam考试不及格
prepare(for)the exam准备(参加)考试
6. I have some difficulty in pronouncing some of the words in English.我在一些英语单词的发音上有些困难。
have difficulty/trouble in doing sth.意思是“做什么的时 候有困难或麻烦，difficulty前面可以用great，much，little， no，其中difficulty用作不可数名词，不能用复数形式，in可以省略。例如:
I have much difficulty in talking with the French student.
类似的结构有:have some difficulties with sth.，“在…… 方面有困难”。
【注意】这里difficulty在some后用作可数名词，表示一 些具体困难，后接名词时用with。例如:
I have some difficulties with pronunciation.我在语音上有一些困难。
Lessons 10 & 11
1.written English/spoken English
written，spoken是write，speak的过去分词，这里都用作 定语。注意:在英语里，常用动词的过去分词作定语。例如:
developed countries发达国家
broken glasses摔破的眼镜/玻璃杯
2.more or less
这里more or less意思是“或多或少，大体上，在一定程 度上”，用来表示自己的意见不那么肯定。例如:
Our living condition has more or less improved.
Jim made a small mistake in the exam，but his answers
were more or less(=nearly/almost)right.
3.come about
come about意思为“发生”(=happen)。一般用作不及 物动词词组，后面不再接名词。例如:
How did this traffic accident come about?
4.stay link.v.
stay这里用作系动词，意思是“保持(某种状态)，维持” (=remain，keep)，后面常接形容词或名词作表语。例如:
The weather has stayed warm all the week.
He never left that school and stayed a teacher there all his life.
5.the same as...
the same as...意思为“和……一样”，same前的the不能省略。其对应词组为be different from...，“和……不同”，different前不能加the。表示“在某方面相同/不同”时，后面常 接介词in。例如:
I ve got the same book as yours.
The two desks are the same in size but different in color.
6.in the same way
in the same way意思为“同样地，用同样的方式”，常接 在动词后用作方式状语。注意way和不同的介词连用，有不 同的意思，区别如下:
in this way就这样，用这种方式
by the way 顺便问一下
on the way在去……路上
例如:
He finally worked out the problem in this way.最后，他 就这样解决了问题。
By the way，how old is your son?顺便问一下，你儿子多大了?
On the way to school，he met an old friend of his.在去 学校的路上，他碰到了他的一个老朋友。注意:如果way后 接副词时，要省略to。如:on the way home，在回家的路上。
7.a great many
a great many意思是“很多，大量的”，相当于a good many，后面接可数名词的复数形式。作主语时，谓语动词用 复数形式。例如:
There are a great many spelling mistakes in his letter.
A great many fresh vegetables are sent to the city early in the morning.
8.bring in
bring in意思为“引入，带进来”，还可以作“赚得，获得 (收入/利润)”解。例如:
They brought the experienced people in to help.他们请来有经验的人帮忙。
The sale of this book brought in over＄1000. She brings in ￡250 a week.
9.not...any more
not...any more相当于no more，意思是“不再，再也不”。
例如:
From now on，we won t help you any more.(=From now on，we ll no more help you.
John still smoked，but he drank no more.
10.and so on
and so on/forth意思为“等等”常用于句末。列举同类事 物的词组还有such as，意思是“例如……”，常用于句中被列 举事物前。例如:
Yesterday he bought bowls，dishes，pots and so on.昨天他买了碗、碟子、锅等东西。
He planted lots of different flowers，such as rose，carna tions and lilies.他种了很多花，像玫瑰、康乃馨、百合花等等。
【注意】and so on不能和such as连用。
Lesson 12
1.seven(people)in ten
seven in/out of ten意思为“十中有七”。例如:
They will choose ten in every one hundred to their school.
2.elder adj.
elder，older是old的两种比较级形式，都有“年长的”意思 (old还有“较旧的”意思)。但是二者用法不同。elder通常用 于名词前作定语用，而不能用在be动词或系动词后作表语;而older作“年长的”解时，则正好与之相反，它用作表语，而不用 作定语形容词。eldest和oldest区别也是如此。例如:
My eldest aunt is three years older than my mother.
3.practise v.
practise，“练习，实践”，用作动词，后面常接名词或动名词，即 practise doing sth.。注意:不能说practise to do。例如:
She has practised playing the piano for nearly two hours.
例1 单项填空
Do you know the difficulty he had the work?
A. on finishing B. to finish
C. finishing D. having finished
【解析】 答案为C。
本题考查have difficulty (in) doing sth.结构。该结构被 巧妙地设计在了一个定语从句中。所以该选C。
例2 单项填空
There are people dancing and singing in the park on May Day.
A.a good many B. a good many of
C. the large number of D. a great deal of
【解析】 答案为A。
本题考查几个表示“许多”的短语的区别。a good many 直接接名词，B项本身也对，但加of时后面应是确指的内容; C中的the该为a;D只能接不可数名词。
例3 单项填空
The new comers new customs and new habits.
A. brought back B. brought up
C. brought out D. brought in
【解析】 答案为D。
本题考查几个短语动词的区别。bring back意为“使人 回想起”;bring up为养育”; bring out为“引出，出版”;bring in为“引入，带来”，符合语境。所以选D