形容词性从句（定语从句）（复合句考查的重点）
定语从句是主要用来修饰它前面的先行词（名词或代词）的从句，所以又称形容词从句。根据与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。定语从句主要考查引导定语从句的关系代词或关系副词；介词＋关系代词以及非限制性定语从句。具体考点如下：
考点一：引导定语从句的引导词有关系代词（who, whom, which, that, whose）和关系副词(as, when, where, why)等。但是当下列情况出现时，对引导词有特殊要求。
1.指物只能用 that不用which 的情况
1).当先行词是不定代词时,如:
all, little, much, none, one, everyone, something, anything, everything, nothing 等。
2).当先行词被the only, the very, the same, little, few, no, 等修饰时。
3).当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
4).在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中。
5)当定语从句为there be 句型时，关系代词只能用that,也可以省略。
This is the fastest train (that) there is to Beijing.
6).当主句是以which 或 who 开头的特殊疑问句时，关系代词只能用 that。
Who is the girl that is talking with Mr. Brown？
7).如果出现两个或两个以上的先行词，并同时兼指人和物时，关系代词用that。
We are talking about the people and countries that we have visited.
8).当先行词在定语从句中做表语时，关系代词只能用that,也可以省略。如：
China is not the country (that) it was.
2.指物只能用which 不用that的情况
1).在非限制性定语从句中
2).在介词后面
3.指人时只能用who不用 that的情况
1).先行词为one, ones或anyone.
2).先行词为those.
3). 在there be开头的句子中。 Eg: There is a man who called himself Mr. Wu at the gate. 4). 在非限制性定语从句中。
4.“the same ...as”, “such...as” 中的as 可以指人或物，作从句的主语、宾语、表语或介词的宾语。如：
Such money as he earned was spent on spirits and tobacco.
Is this the same mosquito as bit you just now?
He was not half such a coward as we took him for.
5.why引导表示原因的定语从句，其先行词一般是reason。当主句主语是reason时，作主句表语的成分不能有because和because of 。其结构一般为the reason why…is that…，或者 the reason that … is that…，如：
He did not tell us the reason why he was late again.
The reason why （that）he didn't come is that he was ill.
考点二：在“介词+which / whom”的结构中，介词的选择取决于三种情况：
1.定语从句中谓语动词或表语的搭配
This is the college in which I am studying.
He is the man about whom we are talking.
2.先行词与介词的习惯搭配
当先行词表示“领域、方面”时，如：aspect, respect, area, field等，用 in which；
当先行词表示“价格、利率、速度”时，如：rate, price, speed 等，用at which；
当先行词表示“程度”时，如：degree, extent等，用 to which；
当先行词表示“根据、依据、基础”时，如：grounds, foundation, basis等，用 on which；
The speed at which the machine operates is shown on the meter. 仪表上显示出这台机器的运转的速度。
It is useful to be able to predict the extent to which a price change will affect supply and demand.
3.当定语从句为最高级时 只能用of which，否则用其他介词
I have five dictionaries of which Longman Dictionary is the best.
I have five dictionaries among which Longman Dictionary is published in UK.
注意：不可拆分的动词短语介词不能提前，如put up with；有的短语可能有不同的介词搭配，此时需要根据上下文来确定。如：be familiar with / to ; compare with / to。
考点三：当先行词为表示时间的名词（如：time, day, year, week, month, occasion）或地点的名词（如：place, room, city, country）时，一般用关系副词 when 或 where. 分别相当于in which, at which, on which。但是当这些表示时间或地点的名词作从句的宾语时，则要用关系代词that 或which。
I can't forget the days when (in which) I lived with you.
Can you tell me the day when (on which) the first satellite was sent into space?
China is the only country where (in which) wild pandas can be found.
I’ll never forget the village where I spent my childhood.
I will never forget the days that (which) I spent in Beijing University.
(本句days 作spend 的宾语，故用关系代词that / which )
I have never been to Beijing, but it’s the place that I most want to visit.(本句place 作visit 的宾语。)
考点四：非限定性定语从句不能用that引导, 一般用引导词which / as或who（指人），非限定性定语从句既可以修饰主句的部分内容，也可修饰主句的全部内容。as引导的非限定性定语从句既可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，但which或who引导的非限定性定语从句不能放在主句句首。
As we all know, the moon is a satellite of the earth.
The large area is covered with thick snow, which affects people's life greatly.
His speech, which bored us to death, was over at last.
Her sister, who lived in another city, was coming to visit her.
关于非限制性定语从句，应该注意：
1．非限制性定语从句和单句的比较
I am reading Harry Porter, which is an interesting book.
He failed in the exam. That made his parents angry.
He failed in the exam, which made his parents angry.
He has two sons. Both of them are teachers.
He has two sons, both of whom are teachers.
2．as 引导的非限制性定语从句与it。
The earth is round. It is known to all.
The earth is round, which is known to all.
As is known to all, the earth is round.
It is known to all that the earth is round.
as 具有“正如”之意，搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：as you know/ as you see/as we planned/as we expected/as is reported...
3.as 引导的限制性定语从句与其他从句的比较
This is the same book as I lost.这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。(定语从句)
This is the same book that I lost.这本书就是我丢的那本。(定语从句)
This is such an interesting book as we all like./ This is so interesting a book as we all like. 这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句)
This is such an interesting book that we all like it. / This is so interesting a book that we all like it. 这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句)
副词性从句（状语从句）
状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为十大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较 、方式和程度。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词。现分别列举如下：
1．时间状语从句
常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till,（ until ）
特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when
I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.
While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.
The children ran away from the orchard (果园) the moment they saw the guard.
No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.（倒装语序）
Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.
2．地点状语从句
常用引导词：where
特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere
Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.
Wherever you go, you should work hard.
3 原因状语从句
常用引导词：because, since, as, since
特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that …
My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful.
Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference.
The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.
Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable. （considering在此是连接词）
4．目的状语从句
常用引导词：so that, in order that
特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that
The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.
The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.
5．结果状语从句
常用引导词： so… that, such … that （so + adj./adv. 置于句首，引起倒装）
特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that
He got up so early that he caught the first bus.
It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it.
To such an degree was he excited that he couldn’t sleep last night.
6．条件状语从句
常用引导词：if, unless
特殊引导词：as / so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on condition that
We’ll start our project if the president agrees.
You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.
Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.
注意：1）有时可以把祈使句作为条件从句，祈使句后面要搭配and，如：
Come tomorrow, and I will tell you. (= If you come tomorrow, …)
Give him an inch and he’ll take a mile. (= If you give him an inch, he’ll …)
2）if only是if的强调式，通常表示说话人的愿望，如：
If only it clears up, we’ll go.
If only somebody had told us, we could have warned you.
If only I hadn’t been late for work. (I wish I hadn’t been late for work.)
3）在真实条件句中，从句动词通常用一般现在时表示将来时间，主句通常带有情态动词，
If you move, I’ll shoot you.
If I press this button, what will happen?
If you come, you can see it.
If you finish early, you may go.
注① 当从句表示将来已经完成或正在进行的动作时，动词用现在完成时或现在进行时，
I will return the book on Monday if I have read it.
The police won’t take your car away if you are sitting in it.
注② 如果从句表示现在的意图、意愿、决心等，则可以用will / shall，如：
If you will read the book, I’ll let you have it.
If you will help me, we can finish by six.
If you will give up smoking / drinking, your health will improve.
4）unless 从句中可用否定词，而 if … not 从句中不可再加否定词，因此在 unless 引导的否定从句中，不可用 if … not 代替 unless ，如：
I will go unless no one else does.
I will go if no one else doesn’t. ×
Don’t ask me to explain unless you really don’t understand.
Don’t ask me to explain if you really not don’t understand. ×
5）注意在非真实条件句使用虚拟语气。(略) （参照“时态语态语气情态”讲义）
7．让步状语从句
常用引导词：though（although）, even if（even though）
特殊引导词： as（用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装； though 可以倒装也可以不倒装），while (一般用在句首, =though)，no matter …, in spite of the fact that, whatever, whoever,
wherever, whenever, however, whichever
Much as I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal.尽管我很尊敬他我却不同意他的建议。
The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.
No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.
He won’t listen whatever you may say.
让步状语从句的几点说明；
1）有时可用副词yet, still, nevertheless (但不能用连词but)来配合连接词though或although，以加强语气，如：
Though he is over seventy, yet / still / nevertheless he can ride the bike.
2）if 有时也可以用于让步含义，但要注意条件if 与让步if 的区别，试比较：
If he is poor, how can he buy the house? (条件)
If he is poor, he is at least honest. (让步) (= even if)
3）as（though）引导让步从句一般不置于句首，而将从句中的表语或谓语动词或状语置于句首：
① 表语的倒装：
Tired as he was, he still went on with his work.
但如果是单数名词或形容词最高级作表语，不再用冠词，如：
Teacher as Michael is, he is not capable of teaching all subjects.
Youngest as he is in our class, he speaks English the best.
② 状语的倒装：（这时不可在状语之前加very, much等修饰语）
Much as I admire him as a writer, I do not like him as a man.
Hard as I studied, I could not catch up with them.
③ 谓语动词的倒装：
Try as he would, he could not remember a word of it. (= No matter how he would try …)
Hate him as we may, we must admit his greatness.
4）while (= although),它引导的让步状语从句只能前置，位于句首，如：
While I admit that the problems are difficult, I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.
注意比较下列各句：
While I admit his good points, I can see his shortcomings. (让步状语从句)
While I was reading, the light went out. (时间状语从句)
He is idle, while his brother is diligent. (转折、对比，并列分句)
5）whether…or…引导的让步状语从句为也称为“选择条件-让步状语从句”，可位于主句之前或之后，如：
Whether or not it rains, I’m giving a party tomorrow.
We hold that all countries, (whether they are) big or small, (whether they are) rich or poor, should be equal.
She had to go, whether or not she wanted it.
注意：Whether you like it or not, you’ll have to do it. = No matter whether (但是不能说whetherever)you like it , you’ll have to do it.
6）由连接代词whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever引导的让步状语从句：
Whoever (= no matter who) is unwilling to go, I will go.
(whoever 既相当于连接词短语no matter 连接主句与从句，又相当于疑问代词who)
No matter which one (=Whichever 但不能再要one) you choose, we have no objection.
7）由连接形容词whatever 或whichever 引导的让步状语从句，如：
Whatever (= no matter what) difficulties may arise, we must and can overcome them one by one. (whatever 既相当于no matter 连接主句与从句，又相当于疑问形容词what 修饰名词difficulties。)
Whichever (= no matter which) room is assigned to him, he will have no objection.
8）由连接副词however, wherever 或whenever 引导的让步状语从句。例如：
However ( = no matter how) difficult the task may be, we will fulfil it on time.
( however 既相当于 no matter 连接主句与从句，又相当于疑问副词 how 修饰 difficult。)
Wherever ( = no matter where) they went, they were warmly welcomed.
Whenever( = no matter when) I’m unhappy, he cheers me up.
注意No matter why(但不能说whyever) he follows me ,I must let him go.
9）注意以上几种结构的省略形式：
However difficult the task (may be), it will be fulfilled on time.
Whatever the difficulties (may be), they must and can be overcome
8．比较状语从句
常用引导词：as（同级比较）, than（不同程度的比较）
特殊引导词：the more … the more … , just as …, so…; A is to B what / as X is to Y, no … more than, no … less than, A not so much as B
She is as bad-tempered as her mother.
The house is three times as big as ours.
The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.
Food is to men what oil is to machine. 食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。
9．方式状语从句
常用引导词：as, as if, how
特殊引导词：the way
When in Rome, do as the Roman do.
She behaved as if she were the boss.
Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.
10.程度状语从句(不考)
常用引导词： to such an extent that… / to such a degree that…
The temperature rose to such an extent that the firemen had to leave the burning building.
The temperature lowered to such a degree that the water froze.
试比较：
The temperature rose so high that the firemen had to leave the burning building.
The temperature lowered so much that the water froze.
从以上例句可以看出，程度状语从句往往也表示达到某种程度时所引出的结果，所以程度状语从句和结果状语从句在意义上有相通之处。
定语从句练习：
EX.1 Choose the best answer.
1．The doctor ____ is leaving for Africa next month.
A．the nurse is talking to him B．whom the nurse is talking
C．the nurse is talking to D．who the nurse is talking
2．I still remember the days ____ we studied together.
A．that B．which C．where D．when
3．In fact the Sweden did not understand the three questions ____ were asked in French.
A．where B．who C．in which D．which
4．He didn't know which room ____.
A．they lived B．they lived in C．did they live D．did they live in
5．To get the job started, ____ I need is your permission.
A．only what B．all what C．all that D．only that
6．I can still remember the sitting room ____ I used to sit in the evening.
A．what B．which C．that D．where
7．Finally, the thief handed everything ____ he had stolen to the police.
A．which B．what C．whatever D．that
8．His parents wouldn't let him marry anyone ____ family was poor.
A．of whom B．whom C．of whose D．whose
9．He paid the boy ＄ 10 for washing ten windows, most of ____ hadn't been cleaned for at least a year.
A．these B．those C．that D．which
10．She heard a terrible noise, ____ brought her heart into her mouth.
A．it B．which C．this D．that
11．Didn't you see the man ____ ?
A．I nodded just now B．whom I nodded just now
C．I nodded to him just now D．I nodded to just now
12．The radio set ____ has gone wrong.
A．I bought it last week B．which I bought it last week
C．I bought last week D．what I bought last week
13．Have you seen the girl ____ ?
A．that I told B．I told you of C．whom I told you D．I told you of him
14．Who ____ has common sense will do such a thing?
A．which B．who C．whom D．that
15．I'll tell you ____ he told me last week.
A．all which B．all what C．that all D．all
16．Each time ____ they met they would talked long hours together.
A．which B．during C．when D．不填
17．I, ____ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.
A．who is B．who am C．that is D．what is
18． ____ , the compass was first made in China.
A．It is known to all B．It is known that C．We know all D．As is known to all
19．He must be from Africa, ____ can be seen from his skin.
A．that B．as C．who D．what
20．Please lend us ____ tool as was used the other day.
A．same B．as C．the same D．that
21．The Second World War ____ millions of people were killed ended in 1945．
A．when B．during that C．in which D．which
22．Mr Crossett will never forget the days ____ he spent with his various students.
A．when B．which C．during which D．on which
23．This is just the place ____ I am longing to visit these years.
A．that B．where C．in which D．to where
24．It's the third time ____ late this month.
A．that you arrive B．when you arrived C．that you've arrived D．that you've arrived
25．Antarctic ____ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.
A．which B．where C．that D．about which
26．He has lost the key to the drawer ____ the papers are kept.
A．where B．in which C．under which D．which
27．Which sentence is wrong? ____
A．The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put it into my mouth.
B．Do you know the boy who jumped onto the platform?
C．Science and new technology have made it possible for farmers to produce more food on the same amount of land.
D．People in ancient times took it for granted that the sun moved round the earth.
28．Is this museum ____ some German friends visited last Wednesday?
A．that B．where C．in which D．the one
29．The beautiful dress ____ Miss Jones went to the ball was borrowed from a friend of hers.
A．in which B．worn by C．wearing which D．that
30．You may take anything useful ____ .
A．which you want B．you want them C．what you want D．you want
31．I've read all the books ____ were borrowed from the library.
A．they B．which C．不填 D．that
32． Winter is the time of year ____ the days are short and nights are long.
A．on which B．that C．when D．where
33． Can you lend me the book ____ the other day?
A．which you talked B．that you talked
C．about that you talked D．you talked about
34． There are two thousand students in our school , ____ are girls.
A．two-thirds in which B．two-thirds in them
C．two-thirds of them D．of whom two-thirds
35． I have bought two ball pens, ____ writes well.
A．neither of them B．none of them C．neither of which D．none of which
36． Do you know the reason ____ he was late?
A．for which B．for what C．which D．of which
37． John got beaten in the game, ____ had been expected.
A．who B．what C．that D．as
38． I often thought of my childhood, ____ I lived on a farm.
A．who B．when C．where D．which
39． You can take any seat ____ is free.
A．in which B．that C．where D．which
40．He talked about the men and books ____ interested him greatly in the school.
A．that B．when C．who D．which
EX.2介词+关系代词填空题：
1．As is known to us all, the age ____ ____ children can go to school is seven.
2．Believe it or not, I don't like the way ________ he spoke to me.
3．Mrs Zhang often tells us that spring is the time ________ people go sight seeing.
4．He borrowed a book the other day, the author ________ is a worker.
5．The bike ____ ____ he went to school was stolen last week, which made him feel sad.
6．Thank you for your help, ____ ____ we could not have finished the work in time.
7．Who do you suppose is the man ____ ____ our teacher is talking?
8．Do you remember the building ____ ____ flew a red flag all the year round?
9．This is the song ____ ____ I often listen in the Globle Dance Hall.
10．He built a telescope ____ ____ he could study the skies in his free time.
11．Did you attend the meeting yesterday ________ Mary talked a lot?
12． Ours is beautiful school with a long history, ________ we are proud.
13． The desk ____ ____ Tom is leaning is Jack's. It's covered with dictionaries.
14． The farm ____ ____ my father once worked has taken on a new look for the time being.
15． There's no doubt that this is not the way ________ I came last time.
16．I'll never forget the soldier ____ ____ I was saved from the river on a freezing morning.
17．The fellow ________ I spoke made no answer. Perhaps he's deaf.
18．To tell you the truth, the man ____ ____ you are waiting won't come tomorrow.
19．The world ____ ____ we live is made of matter, which has three states.
20．The book ____ ____ they are talking on and on is very interesting.
21．Here is a picture of Lei Feng ____ ____ we learned a lot.
22．I have a lot of magazines, most ____ ____ are about the English knowledge.
23．Can you see the speaker ____ ____ comes the voice, “Can I help you?”
24．The manager ________ a group of Young Pioneers are sitting is famous across China.
25．I will never forget the days ____ ____ we worked together in a foreign country.
26．There is a tree ____ ____ a group of League members often play chess.
27．Nearby were two boats ____ ____ they had come to the lonely island.
28．The aeroplane ____ ____ she was traveling was delayed for three hours at least.
29．The speed ____ ____ Tom drives his car is too high.
30．He had 30 pounds in his pocket ____ ____ he was determined to buy his son a gift.
Ex.3 Put the following into English by using attributive clauses.
1．Look, they are climbing up a mountain,____________________(在它顶上屹立着一座古老庙宇).
2．Washer is a machine _________________(用它我们洗衣服)or a person who is washing.
3．Who is the man ________________________(你刚才在操场和他握手)?
4．He has four sons, ______________________________(他们全部都是那个偏僻山村里的高级教师).
5．The day _________________(在那天我第一次遇见他)was the first of May on the Great Wall.
6．The reason ___________________(为什么这事情会这样)is now clear. I don't need to explain it once more.
7．The way ___________________(他们被对待) hurt their feelings, in the opinion of me.
8．Here is a piece of paper _________________________(在上面写着那本书的标题) The Arabian Nights.
9．The primary school ______________________(在孩提时代我在那里学习) had very little equipment.
10．Mary was the girl _____________________________________(在初中我和她一起看电影的).
状语从句练习：
EX. 1 Multiple choices.
1.______,I went to the railway station to see my friend off.
A. After eating quickly my dinner B. After my quickly eating dinner
C. After eating my dinner quickly D. After eating my quickly dinner
2.Although he is considered a great writer,______.
A. his works are not widely read B. but his works are not widely read
C. however his works are not widely read D. still his works are not widely read
3.You will be late you leave immediately.
A. unless B. until C. if D. Or
4.---What was the party like?
---Wonderful. It’s years ______I enjoyed myself so much.
A. after B. before C. when D. since
5.Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially ______Father was away in France.
A. as B. that C. during D. if
6.She thought I was talking about her daughter,______,
in fact, I was talking about my daughter. (1995)
A. when B. where C. which D. while
7.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if______.(1995)
A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken
8.If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ______great it is. (1995)
A. what B. how C. however D. whatever
9.After living in Paris for fifty years, he returned to the small town ______he grew up as a child. (1996)
A. which B. where C. that D. when
10.After the war, a new school building was set up______ there had once been a theatre.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
11.Why do you want a new job______ you’ve got such a good one already? (1998)
A. that B. where C. which D. when
12.---I’m going to the post office.
---______you’re there, can you get me some stamps?
A. As B. While C. Because D. If (1999)
13.______you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it. (1999)
A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as
14.You should make it a rule to leave things ______you can find them again. (1999)
A. when B. where C. then D. there
15.We’ll have to finish the job,______. (1999)
A. long it takes however B. it takes however long
C. long however it takes D. however long it takes
16.The WTO cannot live up to its name ______it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind. (2000)
A. as long as B. while C. if D. even though
17.It is generally believed that teaching is ______it is a science. (2001)
A. an art much as B. much an art as
C. as an art much D. as much an art as
18.A computer can only do _____you have instructed it to do.
A. how B. after C. what D. when (2001)
19。John shut everybody out of the kitchen ________he could prepare his grand surprise for the party. (2002)
A. which B. when C. so that D. if
20. The mother didn’t know_________ to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.(2002)
A. who B. when C. how D. what
21. Don’t be afraid of asking for help ________ it is needed. (2003)
A. unless B. since C. although D. when
22.A fast food restaurant is the place, ________, just as the name suggests, eating is performed quickly. (2004沪春)
A. which B. where C. there D. what
EX.2.状语从句与分词短语作状语的转换
① After he finished his homework, he went out to play.
_____________________, he went out to play.
② Because they were blind, how could they know what the elephant looks like?
_____________________, how could they know what the elephant looks like?
③ If you are travelling north, you must change at Leeds.
_____________________, you must change at Leeds
④ Though he admitted that he had received the stolen jewellery, he denied(否认）having taken part in the robbery.
_____________________, he denied(否认)having taken part in the robbery.
⑤ If weather permits, I’ll go there on foot. _____________________, I’ll go there on foot.
Ex.3 Put the following into English.
1. （既然你已经长大了）_____________________, you must stop this childish behaviour. (now that)
2. I’ll tell you about it___________________________(你一来到) (the moment)
3. （我们刚到家） _____________________it began to rain. (hardly…when)
4. （有志者，事竟成） ______________________, there is a way.
5. They went ______________________________________.(任何能够找到工作的地方)(wherever)
6. （由于他很匆忙）____________________, he left his bag at home. (as)
7. 这是如此美好的一天以致于所有学生都外出了。
It was so _______ ______ ______ that all of the students went out.
It was such _______ ______ ______ that all of the students went out.
8. He took my shoes________________________(以便我不能离开那房子)。
9. ___________________（只要你明白了），we shall say no more about it.(as long as)
10. （无论谁打电话来）_________________________, say I’m out.
Key: 定语从句练习：
Ex.1：
1～5 CDDBC 6～10 DDDDB 11～15 DCBDD 16～20 DBDBC
21～25 CDACD 26～30 BADAD 31～35 DCDDC 36～40 ADBBA
Ex.2介词+关系代词填空题：
1．at which 2． in which 3． in which 4． of which 5． on which 6． without which 7． to （with, about） whom 8． over which 9． to which 10． through which 11． at which 12． of which 13． against which 14． on which 15． by which 16． by which 17． to whom 18． for whom 19． in which 20． about which 21． from which 22． of which 23． from which 24． around whom 25． during which 26． under which 27． in which 28． in which 29． at which 30. with which
Ex.3
1．on whose top stands an old temple 2．with which we wash clothes 3． with whom you just shook hands on the playground 4．all of whom are advanced teachers of that lonely county 5． on which I met him first 6．for which/why this matter should be so 7．in which/ \/that they were treated 8． on which was written the title of the book 9．at which I studied in my childhood 0． with whom I went to see films in junior middle-school
Key: 状语从句练习：
Ex.1
1-5 CAADA 6-10DCCBB 11-15 DBABD 16-20CDCCA 21-22 DB
Ex.2状语从句与分词短语作状语的转换
Finishing his homework, he went out to play.
Being blind, how could they know what …
Travelling north, you must change at Leeds.
Admitting that he had…, he denied having taken…
Weather permitting, I’ll go there on foot.
Ex.3
1.Now that you’ve grown up 2. the moment you come 3. hardly had we got home when 4. Where there is a will 5. wherever they could find work 6. As he was in a hurry 7. lovely a day/a lovely day 8. so that I couldn’t leave the house 9. As long as you understand 10. No matter who telephones/ Whoever telephones