点击NMET考点,解析对比分词
考点一、分词作表语:
1. Sarah, hurry up . I’m afraid you won’t have time to before the party. （NMET2004）
A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change
2. It is believed that if a book is ________，it will surely _______ the reader . (2003 上海)
A. interested ; interest B. interesting ; be interesting
C. interested ; be interesting D. interesting ; interest
3. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain as the plane was making a landing. (2004 上海春)
A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating
[析]：现在分词作表语,实际上起一个形容词的作用，说明某事/物具有的性质、特点或主语所处的状态。含有“令人……的”.如：exciting（令人激动的），worrying，interesting，pleasing，encouraging，frightening等；过去分词作表语表示被动或主语所处的状态，通常用来修饰人，常表示人的情绪的变化.有“受到……的”。如：excited ，moved ,discouraged ,amused ,astonished ,frightened ,inspired ,satisfied ,tired等。 有的已成为固定结构，如be covered with 被……覆盖；be lost in thought 陷入深思；be caught in the rain被雨淋；be separated from和……分离等。题1 选A .get后常跟过去分词作表语，表示状态的变化.此处表示变化；题2选D. interest sb. 意思是“使某人感兴趣”。题3 选C. seat为及物动词,作表语时用seated, 如:be seated等.
考点二、分词作定语:
1、Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, as 3M.
A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known (2004浙江)
2. Mr. Smith ,_______ of the ______ speech , started to read a novel (NMET2003春)
A. tired ;boring B. tiring ;bored C. tired ; bored D. tiring ;boring
3.The bell the end of the period rang, our heated discussion. (2001上海)
A. indicating; interrupting B. indicated; interrupting
C. indicating; interrupted D. indicated; interrupted
[析]：分词作定语，具有形容词的性质。一般说来，单个分词作前置定语；分词短语作后置定语。分词的选择主要取决于分词动词与被修饰的名词的关系，即主谓关系用现在分词，动宾关系用过去分词。题1中he Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company与know显然是被动关系，故B项正确；题2选A项。有些动词如interest ,bore , worry , surprise ,frighten等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人，用现在分词形式来修饰事或物; 题3选A项. “indicate”和“interrupt”和bell的关系都是表示主动，都用现在分词，indicating短语作定语; interrupting短语作状语
考点三、分词作宾语补足语
1. The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see _____the next year. (NMET2000)
A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out
2. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found in the kitchen. [NMET2003]
A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked
3．———— Why did you go back to the shop? (2003安徽春)
-------- I left my friend there.
A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. waits
[析]：题1选C项. 考查see sth .done结构.这里the plan是先行词,关系代词that引导的是定语从句;
题2选B项. find sb. doing sth. 的被动式：sb. be found doing sth；
题3选A项.leave sb. doing sth.意思为“使某人一直处于某种状态”。
考点四、分词作状语
1. Generally speaking,_________ according to the directions ,the drug has no side effect .(2003上海)
A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken
2. time ,he’ll make a first-class tennis player . (2003北京)
A. Having B. To give C. Giving D. Given
3. __________in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. [2004北京卷]
A、To wait B、Have waited C、Having waited D、To have waited
[析]：分词作状语，在高考中考查最多。它相当于一个状语从句，用来说明原因、时间、条件、伴随等。 分词作状语，它在逻辑上的主语必须和句子的主语一致。分词的选择主要取决于主语与分词动词的关系，即主谓关系用现在分词，动宾关系用过去分词。现在分词作宾语补足语在逻辑上与宾语构成主谓关系，并且分词所表示的动作与句子谓语的动作同时进行； 过去分词作宾补，与宾语是动宾关系，即被动关系；常用在feel /find /notice /watch /see /hear /get /keep /have等动词之后作宾语补足语.题1中the drug 与take是被动关系，故B项正确；题2选D. 分词短语given time相当于一个条件状语从句：if he is given time；题3选C.分词所表示的动作发生在句子谓语所示的动作之前.用现在分词的完成体:having+ done.
考点五、作独立成分
1. ________the general state of his health ,it may take him a while to recover from the operation .
A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given (NMET2000春)
2. Weather________ , we'll go there for our summer vacation.
A、permitting B、permitted C、is permitted D、permits
3. There _________no water，he had to fetch some．
A．was B．had been C．be D．being
[析]：题1选A,惯用短语用来解释整个句子，其逻辑主语在句中无法找到. 常见的几个特殊的分词有： given(that)意为“假设；考虑到”； supposing/suppose(that)意为“假如”；considering(that)意为“考虑到”；seeing(that)意为“既然”等。judging from/by（从……来判断），talking of（说起）.strictly/frankly/ generally/honestly speaking（严格地/坦率地/总的/老实讲）；题2也选A.当分词的逻辑主语不是句子的主语时，须用独立主格结构：“名词/代词+分词”。Weather permitting=If weather permits; 题3选D项. 该题逗号后面没有连词，是一个句子，所以逗号前面应用非谓语形式，故选用分词的独立主格结构. 若there前加上because则选A或B，构成原因状语从句。There being no water = Because there was no water．