牛津英语5A英语语法(三)一般现在时牛津英语

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牛津英语5a英语语法()一般现在时

一. 一般现在时行为动词词型变化形式

  一般现在时动词只有第三人称有词形变化,其他人称动词均用原形单数第三人称动词变化:

  多数在动词后加s play—plays like—likes ,

  以s,x,sh,ch,o结尾的动词加es go—goes wash--washes,

  以辅音字母加y结尾,把y改i再加es fly—flies study--studies

二. 一般现在时动词be和 have的变化形式

1.动词Be 叫连系动词, 连系动词be的用法:除了第一人称单数用am,和第三人称单数用is以外,其它人称用are。

 I am busy. You are busy. He (She) is busy. We (You, They) are busy.

2.动词have的用法:除了第三人称单数用has以外,其它人称一律用have。如:

 I have a pen. You have a pen. She (He) has a pen.

 We (You, They) have pens.

三. 一般现在时的句型

1.肯定句构成:主语+动词 (注意人称变化) +其它成分

 Ihave a dog.  We like the little cat.  She sings well.

2.否定句构成:

 行为动词的否定句:主语+助动词(do/does) + not +动词原形+其它成分

 He dosen’t have a dog. He isn’t young. We don’t like the little cat.

 (借助于助动词do) She doesn’t sing well. (借助于助动词does)

3.一般疑问句:

 A.行为动词的一般疑问句:助动词(do/does)+主语+动词原形 + 其它成分

 Do you like it? Yes, I do. / No. I don’t .  Does he(she) like it? Yes, he( she )does. / No, he ( she )doesn’t.

 B. 动词BE 的一般疑问句Am / Is /Are +主语 + 其它成分

 Are you a teacher? Yes, I am. / No, I am not.

 Are they students of your school.Yes they are / No they aren,t.

4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句

 How many students are there in your school?

 What do you usually do on Sunday?

四.一般现在时的用法

1.经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。如:

 every year, sometimes, at 5 o’clock, on Sunday.

 I get up at six o’clock every day.

 He gets up at six o’clock every day.

 She smokes too much.

 I telephone to my parents once a week.

2.表达客观真理,科学事实。如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

 Three and four makes seven.

 The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.

 Shenyang lies in the north of China.

3.在格言或名言警句中。

 Pride goes before a fall. 骄必败。

 Actions speak louder than words.事实用于雄辩。

4.表示现在的状态、性格、个性。

 I don’t want more, thanks.

 He is a good student. He is always ready to help others.

五.一般现在时其它用法

一般现在时表将来

1.含有go, come, return, arrive, leave, start, begin等动词的一般现在时表将来。表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。

 The school bus leaves at eight .

2.在时间或条件句中。

 When Tom comes, ask him how to fix the tap.

 I’ll help you as soon as I arrive there.

3.在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等后。

 I hope she has a good time.

 Before you leave the room, please make sure that the door is closed.

4.时间状语从句,条件句中,从句中(常含有till , once , as soon as ,

 when , while , before , after , so long as , by the time , if , in case ,

 unless , even if , whether , the moment , the minute )

 Eg. As soon as I get there, I will deal with this matter.

 Whether he is happy is an important thing to her.

5.倒装句,表示动作正在进行

 Here comes the teacher!= The teacher is coming.

 There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.

 Here comes the car. = The car is coming.

一般现在时表过去

1."书上","报纸上"的叙述。

 The newspaper says that the president will retire next month.

2.叙述往事,使其生动。

 Napoleon’s army now advances and the great battle begins.

一般现在时表完成

1.动词用一般现在时代替完成时:hear , tell , learn , write , understand , forget , know , find , say, remember.

 Eg.I hear (= have heard) he will go to Paris.

  I forget (=have forgotten) how to read the word.

2.句型 " It is … since… " = " It has been … since …"

 It is (= has been) five years since we last met.

一般现在时表进行

1.句型:Here comes…; There goes…

 Eg: Look, here comes Mr. Brown.

六. 注意事项

1.在英国,人们常用have got代替have,特别在疑问句和否定句中。

2.当have如果不表示“有”时,构成疑问或否定句时,就借助于助动词do, does, don’t或者doesn’t.

练习

一.用词的适当形式填空。

1.What time_________ his father_________(do) the work?

2.He _________(get) up at five o’clock.

3.__________ you _________(brush) your teeth every morning.

4.What ________ ( do ) he usually ________( do ) after school?

5.Tom ________ ( study ) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.

6. Kitty sometimes __________(go) to the park with his sister.

7.At eight at night, she __________( watch ) TV with her parents.

8. ________ Mike________( read ) English every day?

9.How many lessons________ your classmates______( have ) on Monday?

10.We often___________ ( play ) football in the playground.

二.选择

( ) 1. _____ you have a book?

  A. Do B. Are C. Is D. Have

( )2. They _________ on a farm.

  A. working B. is work C. work D. is worked

( ) 3. Does Peter like to watch TV?

  __________.

  A. Yes, he like B. No, he doesn’t C. Yes, he’d like D. No, he likes

( )4. She doesn’t __________ her homework in the afternoon.

  A. doing B. to do C. does D. do

( )5. How ____________ Mr. Brown ___________ to America?

  A. do,go B. is,go C. does,go D. does,goes

( )6. Where’s my camera? I____________ it.

  A. am not finding B. am not seeing C. can’t find D. can’t look at

( )7. How ___________ he go to work?

   He ___________ to work by bike.

  A. does ;go B. do;goes C. do ;go D. does;goes

( )8. ______ you usually late for school?

  No, _____________.

  A. Do ; I am B. Does ;not C. Are ; I’m not D. Are ; I aren’t

( )9. _____ she _____ home at six every day?

  A. Is , leave B. Does , leave C. Is , leaves D. Does , left

( )10. Mr. Yang ____________ English this term.

  A. teaches our B. teaches us C. teachs us D. teach our

答案:一.1.does, do 2. gets 3. Do, brush 4. does, do 5. studies 6. goes 7. watches 8. Does, read 9. do, have 10. play

二.1---5 A C B D C  6---10 C D C B B